ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

A raised alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is most typical of:

1. AInflammation of the lining of the urinary bladder
2. BBlocked bile flow or increased bone turnover
3. CLow production of hormone by the thyroid gland
4. DAcute damage to the heart muscle

A blood lactate level above about which value is usually considered raised in an adult?

1. A20 mmol/L
2. B0,2 mmol/L
3. C10 mmol/L
4. D2 mmol/L

متى يُسحب مستوى القاع (trough) للفانكومايسين؟

1. Aقبل الجرعة التالية مباشرة، عادةً خلال 30 دقيقة منها
2. Bفي أي وقت مريح من اليوم، بغض النظر عن موعد الجرعة
3. Cبعد ساعتين من بدء التسريب
4. Dفور انتهاء التسريب

After surgery for colon cancer, a patient's CEA had fallen to normal, but it has been rising over the last two checks. What does this most likely suggest?

1. AA sure sign that the cancer has been fully cured
2. BA sign of iron deficiency from the earlier bleeding
3. CA normal change after surgery that needs no follow-up
4. DPossible recurrence that needs further assessment

A patient receiving chemotherapy has an ANC of 300/µL and a new temperature of 38,3 °C (100,9 °F). What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and recheck the temperature in 4 hours
2. BReport it at once so cultures and antibiotics start quickly
3. CRemove extra blankets and offer a tepid sponge bath
4. DEncourage oral fluids and record the fever in the chart

Why is a blood β-hydroxybutyrate level often preferred to a urine ketone dipstick in DKA?

1. AIt is the only test that can measure glucose and ketones together
2. BIt shows the average ketone level over the past three months
3. CIt measures the main ketone in DKA, and the dipstick may miss it
4. DThe urine dipstick only detects ketones in people without diabetes

A patient has macrocytic anemia with low vitamin B₁₂ and antibodies to intrinsic factor. What does this suggest, and how is it usually treated?

1. AIron deficiency, treated with oral iron tablets
2. BFolate deficiency, treated with folic acid only
3. CHemolytic anemia, treated with blood transfusion
4. DPernicious anemia, treated with B₁₂ injections

مريض بحماض كيتوني سكري يتلقى تسريب إنسولين وريدي. أي قيمة مخبرية يجب مراقبتها عن كثب بوجه خاص؟

1. Aالألبومين، لأن الإنسولين يجعل الكبد يتوقف عن إنتاجه
2. Bالهيموغلوبين، لأن الإنسولين يحطم الكريات الحمراء
3. Cالصوديوم، لأن الإنسولين يجعل الكليتين تطرحان كميات كبيرة جدًا منه
4. Dالبوتاسيوم، لأن الإنسولين ينقله إلى الخلايا وقد ينخفض بسرعة