ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

A raised alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in an adult is most closely linked to which cancer?

1. ABladder urothelial cancer
2. BDuctal breast cancer
3. CHepatocellular (liver) cancer
4. DProstate adenocarcinoma

A raised neutrophil count (neutrophilia) is most typical of:

1. AAcute bacterial infection
2. BHay fever and asthma
3. CA mild viral cold
4. DVitamin B₁₂ deficiency

Which ECG change is linked to hypercalcemia?

1. AA prolonged QT interval
2. BProminent U waves
3. CA shortened QT interval
4. DTall, peaked T waves

How should a patient collect a clean-catch midstream urine sample?

1. AFill the cup completely, then add tap water if there is not enough
2. BClean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part
3. CCollect the very first urine of the stream directly in the sterile cup
4. DCollect urine from the toilet bowl after voiding into the toilet

Two sets of blood cultures are ordered for a patient with suspected sepsis. How are they best collected?

1. ABoth from the same site, one minute apart, to save time for the patient
2. BAfter the first antibiotic dose, so the infusion is not delayed
3. CFrom the existing IV line while the infusion continues to run
4. DFrom two separate venipuncture sites, using strict aseptic technique

A patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation has a target INR of 2,0–3,0. How does the usual target for a patient with a mechanical mitral valve compare?

1. ALower, about 1,0–1,5
2. BHigher, about 2,5–3,5
3. CMuch higher, about 5,0–6,0
4. DThe same, 2,0–3,0

A child with sickle cell disease and a recent viral illness is pale and tired. The hemoglobin has fallen sharply, and the reticulocyte count is very low. What is the most likely problem?

1. AAn aplastic crisis, often caused by parvovirus B19
2. BIron deficiency from a poor diet over months
3. CA normal finding in sickle cell disease
4. DA vaso-occlusive pain crisis in the bones

An 82-year-old woman without a catheter has a urine culture growing bacteria, but no fever, urinary symptoms or change in mental state. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA urinary tract infection that needs urgent IV antibiotics
2. BContamination, so the culture must be repeated every week
3. CPyelonephritis, which needs admission and IV fluids today
4. DAsymptomatic bacteriuria, usually not treated with antibiotics