ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

About what proportion of total serum calcium is in the free (ionized) form?

1. ANearly all
2. BAbout one tenth
3. CAbout half
4. DAlmost none

ما المدى المرجعي النموذجي لبوتاسيوم المصل لدى البالغين؟

1. A6,0–8,0 mEq/L
2. B1,3–2,1 mEq/L
3. C135–145 mEq/L
4. D3,5–5,0 mEq/L

Why is serum creatinine a better marker of kidney function than BUN?

1. AIt is less affected by diet, hydration and bleeding in the gut
2. BIt is made by the liver, so it rises in every kind of illness
3. CIt is affected mainly by protein intake, which is easy to control
4. DIt is not filtered by the kidneys, so its level stays very stable

لماذا قد يكون INR مرتفعًا لدى مريض مصاب بفشل الكبد دون أن يتناول الوارفارين؟

1. Aيدمر البيليروبين عوامل التخثر مباشرة
2. Bيصنع الكبد معظم عوامل التخثر، فينخفض إنتاجها
3. Cتتوقف الكليتان عن تصفية عوامل التخثر من الدم
4. Dالألبومين من عوامل التخثر، وينخفض مستواه

During a red cell transfusion, when are serious acute reactions most likely, so the nurse stays with the patient?

1. AThe next morning
2. BAfter the last drop is given
3. CAfter about 2 hours
4. DIn the first 15 minutes

A patient with type 2 diabetes starts prednisone each morning. When is the glucose most likely to be highest?

1. AThe glucose will not change
2. BAt midnight only
3. CIn the afternoon and evening
4. DIn the early morning, before the dose

A patient taking an SGLT2 inhibitor has nausea and fast breathing. Glucose 190 mg/dL (10,5 mmol/L), pH 7,15, bicarbonate 10 mEq/L, blood ketones high. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. ARespiratory acidosis from COPD
2. BHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
3. CEuglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis
4. DSimple fasting ketosis only

A patient has fever, confusion, a platelet count of 15 × 10³/µL, anemia with fragmented red cells (schistocytes) and a raised creatinine. Clotting times are normal. Which condition should be suspected?

1. AVitamin K deficiency with bleeding
2. BImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
3. CDisseminated intravascular coagulation
4. DThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)