ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

أي شاردة هي الشاردة الموجبة الرئيسية في السائل داخل الخلايا؟

1. Aالكلوريد
2. Bالصوديوم
3. Cالبوتاسيوم
4. Dالكالسيوم

Serum creatinine comes mainly from:

1. AThe breakdown of dietary fat in the liver
2. BThe digestion of protein by gut bacteria
3. CThe normal breakdown of creatine in muscle
4. DThe breakdown of old red cells in the spleen

Using American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, a fasting plasma glucose of 100–125 mg/dL (5,6–6,9 mmol/L) is classed as:

1. ANormal fasting glucose for an adult
2. BPrediabetes (impaired fasting glucose)
3. CMild hypoglycemia (low glucose)
4. DType 1 diabetes mellitus

مريض مصاب باضطراب نظم بطيني يظهر على الشاشة نمط ملتوٍ (torsades de pointes). أي شاردة تُعطى عادةً وريديًا للعلاج؟

1. Aكبريتات المغنيزيوم
2. Bكربونات الكالسيوم
3. Cفوسفات البوتاسيوم
4. Dبيكربونات الصوديوم

How should a patient collect a clean-catch midstream urine sample?

1. AFill the cup completely, then add tap water if there is not enough
2. BCollect the very first urine of the stream directly in the sterile cup
3. CClean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part
4. DCollect urine from the toilet bowl after voiding into the toilet

Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an oral potassium chloride supplement?

1. AUse a salt substitute as well, so less of the tablet is needed each day
2. BTake it on an empty stomach with only a small sip of water to speed absorption
3. CTake it with food and a full glass of water, and do not crush extended-release tablets
4. DCrush the extended-release tablets and mix them with a little water if needed

A patient has eaten very little for 2 weeks and has received broad-spectrum antibiotics. The INR is now 2,3 without warfarin, and the platelets are normal. What is the most likely cause?

1. AVitamin K deficiency
2. BImmune thrombocytopenia
3. CIron-deficiency anemia
4. DHemophilia A

A patient with a large, fast-growing lymphoma will start chemotherapy tomorrow. Which plan best prevents tumor lysis syndrome?

1. AIV hydration, a uric acid-lowering drug and frequent electrolytes
2. BNo special measures, because the risk starts only after a week
3. CFluid restriction and a high-potassium diet before the treatment
4. DCalcium supplements and a high-phosphate diet during treatment