ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

عند نفخ كمّة ضغط الدم على الذراع، تدخل يد المريض في تشنج مع ثني المعصم. أي اضطراب شوارد توحي به هذه العلامة؟

1. Aفرط بوتاسيوم الدم
2. Bفرط كالسيوم الدم
3. Cفرط صوديوم الدم
4. Dنقص كالسيوم الدم

In the US (NCEP ATP III) classification, which LDL cholesterol level is called optimal for an adult?

1. ABelow 100 mg/dL (2,6 mmol/L)
2. BAbout 160–189 mg/dL (4,1–4,9 mmol/L)
3. CAbout 220–260 mg/dL (5,7–6,7 mmol/L)
4. DAbout 190 mg/dL (4,9 mmol/L) or more

Which tube additive is used for a complete blood count (CBC)?

1. ASodium fluoride (usually a gray top)
2. BNo additive, clot activator (red top)
3. CEDTA (usually a lavender or purple top)
4. DSodium citrate (usually a light blue top)

A patient with hyponatremia from SIADH starts tolvaptan. Why is the serum sodium checked frequently in the first day?

1. AThe sodium can rise too quickly
2. BThe sodium always falls further
3. CThe drug causes severe hyperkalemia
4. DThe drug lowers blood glucose sharply

When is a peak level for an IV aminoglycoside such as gentamicin usually drawn?

1. AAt any time convenient for the patient
2. BAbout 30 minutes after the infusion ends
3. CExactly 24 hours after the first dose
4. DJust before the next dose is started

A patient with pneumonia had a CRP of 180 mg/L on admission and 40 mg/L after 4 days of antibiotics. What does this most likely show?

1. AThe antibiotic is causing liver damage
2. BThe infection has spread to another organ
3. CThe patient has developed a new infection
4. DThe inflammation is settling with treatment

A patient has a hematocrit of 60% and a raised red cell mass. Which result suggests polycythemia vera rather than secondary polycythemia from chronic hypoxia?

1. AA low erythropoietin level
2. BA low oxygen saturation
3. CA high carboxyhemoglobin
4. DA high erythropoietin level

A patient with thalassemia major has received regular red cell transfusions for years. The ferritin is now very high. What does this most likely show, and what treatment is used?

1. AIron deficiency, treated with IV iron supplements
2. BLiver failure, treated with a liver transplant at once
3. CAcute infection, treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics
4. DIron overload, treated with iron chelation therapy