ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

What is the typical range of urine pH?

1. AAbout 4,5–8,0
2. BAbout 1,0–2,0
3. CAbout 7,35–7,45
4. DAbout 9,0–11,0

Why is prealbumin (transthyretin) sometimes used to follow a patient's nutritional status instead of albumin?

1. AIt has a long half-life, so it changes over months
2. BIt is measured in urine, so no blood test is needed
3. CIt is not affected by inflammation or liver disease
4. DIt has a short half-life, so it changes within days

وُجد مسن على الأرض بعد أن بقي مستلقيًا ساعات طويلة. أي فحص دم يُظهر أفضل تحلل العضلات الهيكلية (انحلال الربيدات)؟

1. Aكرياتين كيناز (CK)
2. Bليباز المصل
3. Cالهيموغلوبين السكري (HbA1c)
4. Dألبومين المصل

A woman with hyperemesis gravidarum has vomited for 3 days. Which urine finding would the nurse expect?

1. AKetones
2. BRed cell casts
3. CNitrites
4. DBilirubin

How does the nurse start a 24-hour urine collection at 08:00?

1. AHave the patient void and discard that urine, then save all urine until 08:00 the next day
2. BCollect only the first urine passed on waking, and repeat this the next morning
3. CSave three samples spread across the day and discard all of the urine passed at night
4. DSave the 08:00 urine as the first sample, then collect until 08:00 the next day

Which finding during a transfusion suggests transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)?

1. ACrackles, hypertension and a raised BNP
2. BBack pain with dark red urine output
3. CA low temperature and slow heart rate
4. DHives and itching without other signs

A patient has fever, confusion, a platelet count of 15 × 10³/µL, anemia with fragmented red cells (schistocytes) and a raised creatinine. Clotting times are normal. Which condition should be suspected?

1. AImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
2. BThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
3. CDisseminated intravascular coagulation
4. DVitamin K deficiency with bleeding

A patient taking isoniazid for latent TB reports nausea, loss of appetite and dark urine. The ALT is five times the upper limit of normal. What is the best action?

1. AContinue the isoniazid and give it with food to settle the stomach
2. BReassure the patient that dark urine is a harmless drug effect
3. CDouble the dose to finish the treatment course more quickly
4. DHold the isoniazid and report the findings to the prescriber at once