ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

ما المدى المرجعي النموذجي لصوديوم المصل لدى البالغين؟

1. A135–145 mEq/L
2. B95–105 mEq/L
3. C150–165 mEq/L
4. D3,5–5,0 mEq/L

What is a typical adult reference range for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

1. AAbout 0,01–0,04 mIU/L
2. BAbout 40–80 mIU/L
3. CAbout 10–20 mIU/L
4. DAbout 0,4–4,0 mIU/L

What is the typical range of urine pH?

1. AAbout 1,0–2,0
2. BAbout 9,0–11,0
3. CAbout 7,35–7,45
4. DAbout 4,5–8,0

A breathless patient in the emergency department has a BNP below 100 pg/mL. What does this suggest?

1. ASevere heart failure is certainly the cause of the problem
2. BHeart failure is an unlikely cause of the breathlessness
3. CThe kidneys are failing and the patient needs dialysis
4. DThe patient has had a myocardial infarction in the past day

A patient has taken a proton pump inhibitor (such as omeprazole) for many years and now has muscle cramps and tremor. Which electrolyte is most likely to be low?

1. AChloride
2. BSodium
3. CMagnesium
4. DPhosphate

A stool test for Clostridioides difficile is ordered. Which sample is appropriate?

1. AA rectal swab from a patient with constipation
2. BAny stool after a laxative dose
3. CA formed, hard stool sample
4. DAn unformed (liquid or soft) stool

Which set of results best shows that diabetic ketoacidosis is resolving?

1. AA closing anion gap with a rising bicarbonate and pH
2. BA rising potassium with a falling bicarbonate
3. CA falling glucose with a still widening anion gap
4. DA falling glucose with a falling serum bicarbonate

A patient taking an SGLT2 inhibitor has nausea and fast breathing. Glucose 190 mg/dL (10,5 mmol/L), pH 7,15, bicarbonate 10 mEq/L, blood ketones high. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. AEuglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis
2. BHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
3. CRespiratory acidosis from COPD
4. DSimple fasting ketosis only