ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

What is the purpose of a type and crossmatch before a transfusion?

1. ATo measure how much iron is stored in the patient's bone marrow
2. BTo check that donor blood is compatible with the patient's blood
3. CTo test the donor blood for bacterial contamination only
4. DTo find out how quickly the patient's blood forms a clot

ما المدى المرجعي النموذجي لأسمولية المصل؟

1. Aنحو 275–295 mOsm/kg
2. Bنحو 400–500 mOsm/kg
3. Cنحو 50–100 mOsm/kg
4. Dنحو 135–145 mOsm/kg

What is a "critical value" (panic value) in laboratory reporting?

1. AAny result that is slightly outside the laboratory reference range
2. BA result that is normal but differs from the patient's last value
3. CA result so abnormal that it may threaten life and needs prompt action
4. DA result that the laboratory could not measure because of a bad sample

A patient who is breathless during a transfusion has hypotension, fever and bilateral lung infiltrates, with no signs of fluid overload. Which complication is most likely?

1. AA simple allergic reaction with hives
2. BTransfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
3. CA mild febrile nonhemolytic reaction
4. DTransfusion-associated circulatory overload

A patient with hyperkalemia received IV regular insulin with dextrose. Which result must the nurse monitor closely over the next hours?

1. AHemoglobin, because insulin causes red cell loss
2. BSerum calcium, because it falls sharply
3. CBlood glucose, because hypoglycemia can occur
4. DSerum sodium, because it rises quickly

A patient taking furosemide has a potassium of 3,3 mEq/L and is told to eat more potassium-rich foods. Which snack is the best choice?

1. ADried apricots
2. BRice cakes
3. CPlain crackers
4. DWhite bread

A young adult has fatigue, bruising and fever. The white cell count is 85 × 10³/µL with many blasts, the hemoglobin is 7,9 g/dL (79 g/L) and the platelets are 22 × 10³/µL. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. APolycythemia vera
2. BAcute leukemia
3. CIron-deficiency anemia
4. DAcute viral infection

A patient in hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state has a glucose of 1,050 mg/dL (58 mmol/L), very dry mucous membranes and a fast pulse. Which treatment is usually the first priority?

1. AOral glucose-lowering tablets
2. BStrict fluid restriction
3. CLarge-volume IV fluid replacement
4. DAn IV bolus of sodium bicarbonate