ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

ما المدى المرجعي النموذجي لكرياتينين المصل لدى البالغين؟

1. Aنحو 3,5–5,0 mg/dL
2. Bنحو 10–20 mg/dL
3. Cنحو 0,6–1,2 mg/dL
4. Dنحو 135–145 mg/dL

The HbA1c reflects the average blood glucose over about which period?

1. AThe past 1–2 weeks
2. BThe past 24 hours
3. CThe past 2–3 months
4. DThe past 1–2 years

Chronic kidney disease is usually defined by an eGFR below which value for more than 3 months?

1. A15 mL/min/1,73 m²
2. B60 mL/min/1,73 m²
3. C90 mL/min/1,73 m²
4. D120 mL/min/1,73 m²

Why must vitamin B₁₂ deficiency be ruled out before treating macrocytic anemia with folic acid alone?

1. AFolic acid blocks the absorption of all B₁₂ from the diet
2. BFolic acid makes B₁₂ deficiency anemia much worse within a few days
3. CFolic acid causes iron overload when B₁₂ levels are low
4. DFolic acid can fix the anemia while B₁₂-related nerve damage continues

A patient has had severe watery diarrhea for 4 days. Which laboratory pattern would the nurse expect?

1. AHigh potassium and high bicarbonate
2. BLow glucose and high magnesium
3. CHigh sodium and high calcium
4. DLow potassium and low bicarbonate

A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices that the drained fluid is cloudy and has abdominal pain. What should the nurse do?

1. ARecord it as normal and continue the usual exchanges
2. BStop dialysis for a week and recheck the fluid later
3. CSend the fluid for cell count and culture and report it
4. DAdd more glucose to the next bag to clear the fluid

A patient has macrocytic anemia with low vitamin B₁₂ and antibodies to intrinsic factor. What does this suggest, and how is it usually treated?

1. AHemolytic anemia, treated with blood transfusion
2. BIron deficiency, treated with oral iron tablets
3. CFolate deficiency, treated with folic acid only
4. DPernicious anemia, treated with B₁₂ injections

مريض يتناول الديجوكسين مستواه 1,2 ng/mL وبوتاسيومه 2,8 mEq/L ولديه نقلات بطينية متكررة جديدة. ما أفضل تفسير؟

1. Aيحتاج المريض إلى جرعة ديجوكسين أعلى للسيطرة على النظم
2. Bالسمية محتملة، لأن انخفاض البوتاسيوم يزيد تأثير الديجوكسين
3. Cليس للبوتاسيوم أي تأثير في نظم القلب
4. Dلا يمكن أن يكون الديجوكسين هو السبب، لأن المستوى ضمن المدى المعتاد