ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

Which statement about HDL cholesterol is correct?

1. AHigher levels are linked to a lower risk of heart disease
2. BHigher levels are the main cause of plaque in the arteries
3. CIt should ideally be kept below 40 mg/dL (1,0 mmol/L)
4. DIt is the same as the fasting triglyceride level

Which findings are typical of a low serum magnesium?

1. ATremor, hyperreflexia and cardiac arrhythmias
2. BJaundice, itching and pale stools
3. CLoss of reflexes, flushing and slow breathing
4. DPolyuria, extreme thirst and pale urine

What does a creatinine clearance measured from a 24-hour urine collection estimate?

1. AThe glomerular filtration rate
2. BThe rate of red cell production
3. CThe amount of protein lost from the blood
4. DThe concentrating ability of the urine

A patient takes low-dose methotrexate weekly for rheumatoid arthritis. Which laboratory tests are monitored regularly?

1. AComplete blood count, liver tests and kidney function
2. BTroponin, creatine kinase and myoglobin
3. CSerum amylase, lipase and blood ketones
4. DSerum lithium, sodium and urine specific gravity

A young adult with new diabetes has a very low C-peptide level. What does this suggest?

1. AThe patient has high insulin resistance, as in type 2 diabetes
2. BThe pancreas is making very little insulin, as in type 1 diabetes
3. CThe patient is injecting too much insulin and needs a lower dose
4. DThe kidneys are excreting all of the patient's insulin in urine

In countries that screen all pregnant women (such as the US), a vaginal-rectal swab is taken at about 36–37 weeks. Which organism is it screening for?

1. AStaphylococcus aureus
2. BCandida albicans
3. CGroup B Streptococcus
4. DHepatitis B virus

A patient using an insulin pump has a glucose of 300 mg/dL (16,7 mmol/L) that has not fallen 2 hours after a correction bolus through the pump. Blood ketones are 1,8 mmol/L. What is the most likely problem and action?

1. ARebound after a hypo; give fast-acting carbohydrate and recheck in 15 minutes
2. BInsulin delivery failure; inject a correction dose by pen and change the set
3. CInsulin overdose from the pump; suspend the pump and stop all insulin for a day
4. DNormal pump function; wait for the next mealtime bolus to lower the glucose

Which set of results most strongly suggests hemolytic anemia?

1. ALow hemoglobin, low platelets, low white cells, low reticulocytes
2. BLow hemoglobin, high MCV, low vitamin B₁₂, normal bilirubin
3. CLow hemoglobin, high reticulocytes, high unconjugated bilirubin, high LDH
4. DLow hemoglobin, low reticulocytes, low MCV, low ferritin