ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

In many US nursing references, what is the commonly cited therapeutic range for serum lithium in maintenance therapy?

1. AAbout 10–20 mEq/L
2. BAbout 0,6–1,2 mEq/L
3. CAbout 2,0–3,0 mEq/L
4. DAbout 3,5–5,0 mEq/L

وُجد مسن على الأرض بعد أن بقي مستلقيًا ساعات طويلة. أي فحص دم يُظهر أفضل تحلل العضلات الهيكلية (انحلال الربيدات)؟

1. Aألبومين المصل
2. Bالهيموغلوبين السكري (HbA1c)
3. Cكرياتين كيناز (CK)
4. Dليباز المصل

ما المدى المرجعي النموذجي لتعداد الصفائح الدموية لدى البالغين؟

1. Aنحو 1000–2000 × 10³/µL (1000–2000 × 10⁹/L)
2. Bنحو 12–16 × 10³/µL (12–16 × 10⁹/L)
3. Cنحو 150–400 × 10³/µL (150–400 × 10⁹/L)
4. Dنحو 4,5–11 × 10³/µL (4,5–11 × 10⁹/L)

A healthy patient's result is slightly outside the laboratory reference range, and all other results are normal. Which statement best explains why this can happen?

1. ARanges cover about 95% of healthy people, so some fall outside
2. BReference ranges are the same in every laboratory worldwide
3. CReference ranges include every healthy person without exception
4. DAny result outside the range always means disease is present

A patient has a calcium of 7,0 mg/dL (1,75 mmol/L) and tingling around the mouth. Which nursing measure is most appropriate?

1. APromote walking to move calcium back into the bone
2. BLimit dairy products until the level falls again
3. CPut seizure precautions in place and report the result
4. DEncourage 3 L of fluid per day to dilute the calcium

A patient has a calcium of 11,8 mg/dL (2,95 mmol/L) from bone metastases. Which nursing measure is appropriate?

1. AEncourage fluids and mobility as tolerated
2. BGive calcium carbonate antacids for nausea
3. CEncourage bed rest and limit oral fluids
4. DOffer extra milk and cheese at each meal

A patient admitted with heavy alcohol use and malnutrition has a glucose of 52 mg/dL (2,9 mmol/L) and low magnesium. Which prescribed treatment should be given before the IV glucose?

1. AOral iron
2. BIV insulin
3. CIV potassium
4. DIV thiamine

A patient has painless jaundice, itching, dark urine and pale stools. ALP is markedly raised, conjugated (direct) bilirubin is high and ALT is only mildly raised. What is the most likely cause?

1. ABlockage of bile flow, for example by a tumor in the bile duct
2. BAcute viral hepatitis with widespread liver cell damage
3. CGilbert syndrome, a harmless inherited bilirubin disorder
4. DIncreased breakdown of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia)