ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

Which vessels carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

1. AThe pulmonary arteries
2. BThe venae cavae
3. CThe pulmonary veins
4. DThe coronary sinus

Which side effect is particularly linked with spironolactone in men?

1. ABreast enlargement (gynaecomastia)
2. BHair loss on the scalp and eyebrows
3. CA persistent dry, tickly cough
4. DOrange-red colouring of the urine

أيّ عرض نموذجي لمرض الشرايين المحيطية؟

1. Aتشنج في الربلة عند المشي يزول بالراحة
2. Bحكة وجلد بني حول الكاحلين
3. Cربلة ساخنة حمراء متورمة من جانب واحد
4. Dتورم الكاحلين يزداد خلال النهار ويخف ليلًا

How does ezetimibe lower cholesterol?

1. AIt dissolves plaques already in the arteries
2. BIt blocks cholesterol production by enzymes in the liver
3. CIt reduces absorption of cholesterol from the gut
4. DIt increases cholesterol loss in the urine

A 70 kg patient has passed 20 mL of urine per hour for the last three hours. How should this be interpreted?

1. ANormal, because any measurable urine output is reassuring
2. BNormal, because the target is 0,1 mL/kg/h
3. CBelow 0,5 mL/kg/h, suggesting poor kidney perfusion
4. DHigh, suggesting fluid overload that needs a diuretic

After varicose vein surgery, which advice is usually given?

1. AStay in bed for two weeks with the legs hanging down
2. BStand still for long periods to help the veins heal
3. CAvoid all walking until the bruising has gone
4. DWear the compression stockings as advised and walk regularly

A nurse receives handover on four patients. Which patient should be seen first?

1. AA patient with COPD on 1 L/min whose SpO₂ has been 89% and stable throughout the night
2. BA patient on day 1 after surgery who is newly restless, RR 30/min, SpO₂ 88% on 4 L/min
3. CA patient with asthma who wants a reliever inhaler before a walk
4. DA patient with pneumonia on IV antibiotics who now has a temperature of 38,2 °C

A patient on a morphine PCA after surgery is very drowsy, with a respiratory rate of 7/min and pinpoint pupils. SpO₂ is 89%. What should the nurse do first?

1. AStop the PCA, support breathing, give oxygen and get naloxone
2. BGive a sedative to keep the patient comfortable
3. CLeave the patient to sleep and recheck the observations in an hour
4. DEncourage the patient to keep pressing the PCA button for comfort