ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

أيّ دواء يُستخدم عادةً لإبطاء معدل القلب في الرجفان الأذيني؟

1. Aالفوروسيميد (مدرّ عروي)
2. Bالبيسوبرولول (حاصر بيتا)
3. Cالأتورفاستاتين (ستاتين)
4. Dالأملوديبين (حاصر قنوات الكالسيوم من نوع ديهيدروبيريدين)

ما أفضل وقت لوزن مريض مصاب بقصور القلب كل يوم؟

1. Aكل صباح بعد التبول وقبل الفطور وعلى الميزان نفسه
2. Bكلما أبلغ المريض عن زيادة ضيق النفس
3. Cمرة في الأسبوع، على أيّ ميزان في القسم يكون متاحًا ذلك اليوم
4. Dكل مساء بعد الوجبة الرئيسية وبملابس النهار نفسها

What is an embolus?

1. AA clot or other mass that travels in the blood and lodges elsewhere
2. BA bulge in the weakened wall of an artery that may rupture
3. CA clot that stays fixed in the vessel where it first formed
4. DA narrowing of an artery caused by a build-up of fatty plaque

A patient's capillary refill time at the fingertip is 4 seconds. What does this suggest?

1. AAn unusually strong cardiac output
2. BNormal peripheral perfusion
3. CReduced peripheral perfusion
4. DA high haemoglobin level

A patient with chest pain has a first troponin result within the normal range one hour after the pain started. Why is a repeat test arranged?

1. AThe repeat test is only needed for patients over 80
2. BThe first sample is always contaminated
3. CTroponin falls during an MI, so a lower value confirms it
4. DTroponin may take a few hours to rise after muscle damage

Which ECG finding is typical of atrial flutter?

1. AWide, bizarre QRS complexes at 180/min
2. BP waves with no relationship to the QRS complexes
3. CA chaotic baseline with no clear P waves and irregular QRS
4. DRegular sawtooth flutter waves between QRS complexes

Thirty minutes after extubation, a patient develops a high-pitched noise on breathing in and is anxious. SpO₂ is falling. What should the nurse do?

1. AEncourage the patient to sleep it off and recheck them in an hour
2. BGive a large drink of cold water to soothe the throat and settle it
3. CLay the patient flat and reassure them
4. DSit the patient up, give oxygen and call for urgent airway help

After positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is increased on a ventilated patient, the blood pressure falls. What is the most likely reason?

1. APEEP causes immediate blood loss from the alveolar capillaries
2. BHigher chest pressure reduces venous return to the heart
3. CPEEP directly weakens the heart muscle and its contraction
4. DPEEP lowers the blood oxygen level