ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

What is bronchiectasis?

1. ADestruction of the alveolar walls with air trapping
2. BPermanent widening of the bronchi with chronic sputum
3. CA tumour of the main bronchus
4. DA brief spasm of the airways that fully reverses with treatment

Which three signs make up Beck's triad in cardiac tamponade?

1. AHigh blood pressure, a slow pulse and irregular breathing
2. BFever, a new heart murmur and splinter haemorrhages under the nails
3. CLow blood pressure, distended neck veins and muffled heart sounds
4. DChest pain, ST elevation and raised troponin

Which test is classically used to diagnose cystic fibrosis?

1. APeak flow test
2. BD-dimer test
3. CTuberculin skin test
4. DSweat chloride test

A patient has chest pain at rest in the early morning with brief ST elevation that resolves. Coronary arteries are later found to be clear. Which condition is most likely?

1. AAortic stenosis
2. BVasospastic (Prinzmetal) angina
3. CStable exertional angina from a fixed plaque
4. DAcute pericarditis

After coronary artery bypass surgery through a median sternotomy, which instruction is usually given for the first several weeks?

1. ASleep only on the stomach to protect the wound
2. BAvoid heavy lifting and pushing up with the arms
3. CAvoid walking until the stitches are removed
4. DLift the arms above the head often to stretch the chest

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. ALow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity
2. BLow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely
3. CHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide
4. DPotassium has no link with either medicine

A 25-year-old non-smoker has wheeze and cough that come and go, worse at night and after exercise. Spirometry improves markedly after a bronchodilator. Which diagnosis is most likely?

1. AHeart failure
2. BIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
3. CCOPD
4. DAsthma

A nurse reviews inhaler use with a patient who has asthma and uses a separate steroid preventer inhaler and a salbutamol reliever. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I carry my blue reliever inhaler with me."
2. B"I rinse my mouth after the steroid inhaler."
3. C"I use my steroid inhaler when I start to wheeze."
4. D"I use my steroid inhaler every day, even when I feel well."