ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

Which of these is one of the reversible causes of cardiac arrest known as the "4 Hs"?

1. AHypertension
2. BHypoxia
3. CHyperglycaemia
4. DHyperventilation

Which symptom lasting more than three weeks is a classic warning sign of laryngeal cancer?

1. AMild sneezing and a runny nose in the morning
2. BOccasional hiccups
3. CPersistent hoarseness of the voice
4. DItching of the eyes

What is the compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult CPR?

1. A30 compressions to 2 breaths
2. B50 compressions to 5 breaths
3. C5 compressions to 1 breath
4. D15 compressions to 2 breaths

A young patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy asks why they are told to avoid dehydration. What is the best explanation?

1. ADehydration makes the heart muscle grow thicker within a few hours
2. BLow blood volume can worsen obstruction of blood leaving the heart
3. CDehydration is the cause of the inherited condition
4. DFluids dissolve the extra muscle in the heart wall

What is the main difference between CPAP and bilevel NIV (often called BiPAP)?

1. ABilevel NIV gives oxygen only, without any positive airway pressure
2. BBilevel NIV adds a higher inspiratory pressure, helping remove CO₂
3. CCPAP is mainly used to lower a raised PaCO₂ in COPD exacerbations
4. DCPAP is given only through a tracheostomy

A patient with heart failure is comfortable at rest but becomes breathless walking across a room. Which NYHA class fits best?

1. AClass II
2. BClass III
3. CClass I
4. DClass IV

After chest trauma, a patient is hypotensive with reduced breath sounds on the left. Which finding suggests a haemothorax rather than a tension pneumothorax?

1. ATrachea pushed away from the affected side
2. BDistended neck veins
3. CHyper-resonance on the affected side
4. DDullness to percussion on the affected side

أيّ نهج لإزالة مفجّر الصدر يُدرَّس عادةً؟

1. Aإزالته أثناء حبس النفس أو الزفير، ثم إغلاق الموضع
2. Bإزالته ببطء بينما يأخذ المريض شهيقًا طويلًا عميقًا
3. Cإزالته والشفط لا يزال يعمل بكامل قوته
4. Dإزالته وترك الموضع مفتوحًا للتصريف يومًا