ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

What does "myocardial infarction" mean?

1. AInfection of the heart valves
2. BTemporary chest pain with no muscle damage
3. CDeath of heart muscle caused by a blocked blood supply
4. DInflammation of the membrane that surrounds the heart

أين تحدث قرحات الساق الوريدية في أغلب الأحيان؟

1. Aعلى مؤخرة الكعب
2. Bعلى أطراف أصابع القدم
3. Cتحت رؤوس مشطيات القدم في باطن القدم
4. Dفوق الكعب الإنسي (الكاحل الداخلي)

What does the term "apnoea" mean?

1. ABreathlessness on lying flat
2. BCoughing up blood
3. CA pause or stop in breathing
4. DA breathing rate above normal

A patient has a heart rate of 36/min with hypotension and dizziness. Which drug is usually the first choice?

1. AIntravenous atropine
2. BIntravenous amiodarone
3. COral bisoprolol
4. DIntravenous adenosine

How does varenicline help people stop smoking?

1. AIt makes cigarettes taste of metal so smoking feels unpleasant
2. BIt speeds the clearance of nicotine by the liver
3. CIt replaces nicotine through the skin, like a nicotine patch
4. DIt partly stimulates and partly blocks nicotine receptors

A patient has episodes of severe headache, sweating and palpitations with very high blood pressure. Which rare cause should be considered?

1. APhaeochromocytoma
2. BAsthma
3. CStable angina
4. DAortic stenosis

A one-way speaking valve is fitted to a patient's tracheostomy tube while the cuff is still inflated. What is the danger?

1. AThe patient will speak too loudly
2. BThe patient cannot breathe out and may suffocate
3. CThe valve will humidify the air too much
4. DThere is no danger, as the valve works with any cuff

Why is the cuff pressure of an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube checked regularly?

1. AToo high a pressure damages the trachea; too low allows aspiration
2. BThe cuff must be kept fully deflated in every ventilated patient
3. CThe cuff pressure directly controls the patient's oxygen saturation
4. DThe cuff pressure sets the ventilator's breathing rate