ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

Drug names ending in "-olol", such as bisoprolol and atenolol, belong to which class?

1. ACalcium channel blockers
2. BBeta-blockers
3. CLoop diuretics
4. DACE inhibitors

On spirometry, what does a reduced FEV₁/FVC ratio indicate?

1. ALow haemoglobin
2. BObstruction to airflow
3. CNormal lung function
4. DWeak heart muscle

In which situation can a pulse oximeter show a falsely normal reading?

1. ACarbon monoxide poisoning
2. BBreathing room air
3. CA warm hand at rest
4. DA regular pulse of 80/min

How do clopidogrel and ticagrelor work?

1. AThey inhibit the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver
2. BThey dissolve fibrin in existing clots
3. CThey block the platelet ADP (P2Y₁₂) receptor
4. DThey directly inhibit thrombin in the plasma

The telemetry monitor suddenly shows a chaotic waveform resembling ventricular fibrillation, but the patient is talking and brushing their teeth. What should the nurse do first?

1. ACheck the patient and the electrodes, as this is likely artefact
2. BStart chest compressions straight away and call the arrest team
3. CDeliver an immediate defibrillation shock before checking anything
4. DGive IV amiodarone as a bolus

A patient with heart failure takes furosemide once a day. When is the best time to take it?

1. AJust before the evening meal, with a large drink
2. BAt bedtime, so the effect lasts through the night
3. CIn the morning, to avoid needing the toilet at night
4. DWhenever the ankles look swollen, on those days only

مريض مصاب بمرض الشرايين المحيطية المعروف تظهر لديه فجأة قدم باردة بيضاء مؤلمة بلا نبض وأصابع مخدّرة. ما الأولوية؟

1. Aالتصعيد فورًا كحالة طارئة؛ وإبقاء الساق مستوية دون حرارة
2. Bرفع الساق على وسائد وتدفئة القدم بزجاجة ماء ساخن
3. Cوضع ضماد ضاغط لتحسين الدورة الدموية
4. Dتشجيع المشي لفتح الدورة الجانبية

Which method best confirms that an endotracheal tube is in the trachea?

1. AA sustained waveform on capnography
2. BThe chest rising on one side only
3. CMisting inside the tube
4. DThe patient's skin colour improving