ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

أيّ تدخل يبطئ تقدّم COPD لدى المدخن بأكبر فعالية؟

1. Aالكورتيكوستيرويدات الفموية يوميًا
2. Bالمضادات الحيوية الفموية طويلة الأمد
3. Cالأكسجين المنزلي طويل الأمد
4. Dالإقلاع عن التدخين

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is an inherited cause of which lung disease?

1. AAsthma
2. BLung cancer
3. CPneumothorax
4. DEmphysema

During manual blood pressure measurement, what does the first clear tapping sound (Korotkoff phase 1) mark?

1. AThe pulse pressure
2. BThe diastolic pressure
3. CThe systolic pressure
4. DThe mean arterial pressure

How does varenicline help people stop smoking?

1. AIt speeds the clearance of nicotine by the liver
2. BIt makes cigarettes taste of metal so smoking feels unpleasant
3. CIt replaces nicotine through the skin, like a nicotine patch
4. DIt partly stimulates and partly blocks nicotine receptors

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a steroid inhaler at the same times each day. Which order is usually taught?

1. ASalbutamol first, then the steroid after a short wait
2. BSteroid first, then salbutamol straight afterwards
3. CBoth inhalers puffed together in one breath
4. DThe order makes no difference to either drug

ما التطعيمات الموصى بها عادةً لمرضى COPD؟

1. Aمعزز الكزاز السنوي فقط
2. Bلقاح الإنفلونزا السنوي ولقاح المكورات الرئوية
3. Cلقاح BCG كل خمس سنوات
4. Dلا لقاحات إطلاقًا، لأنها معروفة بإثارة التفاقم

Which instruction from the registered nurse to a healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel) caring for a patient with COPD is most appropriate?

1. A"Tell me straight away if his SpO₂ is under 88% or he is more breathless."
2. B"Teach him how to use his new inhaler this afternoon after his rest."
3. C"Listen to his chest after lunch and let me know what you can hear."
4. D"Turn his oxygen up to whatever he needs if he looks short of breath."

A patient with severe aortic stenosis is prescribed glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) for chest pain. Why should the nurse use particular caution?

1. AGTN makes the narrowed aortic valve tighten further within a few minutes
2. BThere is no reason for caution, because GTN acts only on the coronary arteries
3. CVasodilators can cause a severe fall in BP with a fixed outflow obstruction
4. DGTN raises the blood pressure dangerously in aortic stenosis