ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

Which precautions are needed for a patient with suspected infectious pulmonary tuberculosis?

1. AProtective isolation for the patient's own sake
2. BAirborne precautions with a respirator mask
3. CContact precautions with gloves only
4. DStandard precautions only

Which chest X-ray finding is classic for sarcoidosis?

1. AA visible edge of collapsed lung
2. BA completely white lung on one side
3. CA single round mass in one apex
4. DEnlarged lymph nodes at both lung hila

What does stridor usually indicate?

1. ANarrowing of the small airways
2. BFluid in the alveoli
3. CInflammation of the pleura
4. DNarrowing of the upper airway

Why should a long-acting beta-2 agonist (LABA) never be used alone in asthma?

1. AIt cannot be inhaled without a nebuliser
2. BIt works only when it is taken together with a course of antibiotics
3. CWithout an inhaled steroid, it is linked with severe and fatal attacks
4. DIt always causes immediate severe bronchospasm when used on its own

Why is a raised serum lactate concerning in a patient with shock?

1. AIt shows only that the patient has eaten a large meal in the past hour
2. BIt confirms a bacterial infection is present
3. CIt suggests tissues are short of oxygen and using anaerobic metabolism
4. DIt means the kidneys are working harder than normal to clear fluid

Before the first treatment dose of a low-molecular-weight heparin for a PE, what does the nurse need to make sure of?

1. AThe patient's blood glucose is above 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL)
2. BThe patient has fasted for 12 hours
3. CAn accurate, recent body weight is recorded
4. DA chest drain is in place

A nurse teaches a patient with heart failure who takes ramipril and spironolactone. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will weigh myself every morning after I go to the toilet."
2. B"I will call if I gain weight quickly or get more breathless."
3. C"I will avoid ibuprofen for my joint pain."
4. D"I will use a salt substitute instead of ordinary salt."

An older ex-smoker has a dry cough and worsening breathlessness over a year, finger clubbing and fine "Velcro-like" crackles at both bases at the end of inspiration. Which condition is most likely?

1. AAn acute asthma attack
2. BIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
3. CCommunity-acquired pneumonia
4. DSpontaneous pneumothorax