ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

What defines type 2 respiratory failure?

1. ALow PaO₂ with a normal or low PaCO₂
2. BLow PaO₂ with a raised PaCO₂
3. CNormal PaO₂ with a low PaCO₂
4. DHigh PaO₂ with a high bicarbonate

Drug names ending in "-olol", such as bisoprolol and atenolol, belong to which class?

1. ACalcium channel blockers
2. BLoop diuretics
3. CBeta-blockers
4. DACE inhibitors

Which cardiac arrest rhythms are shockable?

1. AVentricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia
2. BAtrial fibrillation and atrial flutter
3. CAsystole and pulseless electrical activity with a slow rate
4. DSinus rhythm and sinus tachycardia with a normal pulse

Where is the V1 electrode placed for a 12-lead ECG?

1. AOver the left nipple
2. BThe fourth intercostal space just right of the sternum
3. CJust below the left collarbone
4. DThe fifth intercostal space in the mid-axillary line

Which ECG finding is typical of atrial flutter?

1. AA chaotic baseline with no clear P waves and irregular QRS
2. BP waves with no relationship to the QRS complexes
3. CRegular sawtooth flutter waves between QRS complexes
4. DWide, bizarre QRS complexes at 180/min

أيّ عبارة عن مضادات التخثر الفموية المباشرة مثل الأبيكسابان والريفاروكسابان صحيحة؟

1. Aتلزم فحوص INR أسبوعية، كما مع الوارفارين
2. Bلا فحوص INR روتينية، لكن الجرعات تعتمد على وظيفة الكلى
3. Cيُعكس تأثيرها بإعطاء فيتامين K
4. Dلا تهم الجرعات الفائتة لأنها تعمل أسابيع

A patient with stable severe COPD has a blood gas showing pH 7,37, a raised PaCO₂ and a raised bicarbonate. How should this be interpreted?

1. AChronic respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation
2. BAcute respiratory acidosis needing emergency intubation
3. CRespiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation
4. DA normal blood gas with no abnormality

After positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is increased on a ventilated patient, the blood pressure falls. What is the most likely reason?

1. APEEP causes immediate blood loss from the alveolar capillaries
2. BPEEP lowers the blood oxygen level
3. CHigher chest pressure reduces venous return to the heart
4. DPEEP directly weakens the heart muscle and its contraction