ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

Which side effects are common after inhaled salbutamol (albuterol)?

1. AWeight gain and ankle swelling
2. BDrowsiness and a slow heart rate
3. CConstipation and dry eyes
4. DFine tremor and a fast heart rate

What causes the first heart sound (S1)?

1. AClosure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
2. BThe heart muscle stretching in diastole
3. CBlood flowing quickly into the atria
4. DClosure of the aortic and pulmonary valves

ما الدور الرئيسي لمضادات التخثر مثل الهيبارين أو الأبيكسابان؟

1. Aمنع تكوّن خثرات جديدة ومنع نمو الخثرات الموجودة
2. Bإذابة الخثرات الموجودة تمامًا خلال دقائق
3. Cمنع التصاق الصفيحات ببعضها
4. Dرفع عدد الصفيحات بعد الجراحة أو النزف

Why is a non-selective beta-blocker such as propranolol usually avoided in a patient with asthma?

1. AIt thickens airway mucus by drying the airways
2. BIt can cause bronchospasm by blocking beta-2 receptors
3. CIt raises the heart rate sharply during an acute asthma attack
4. DIt makes inhaled corticosteroids work too strongly

بدأ مريض يتناول الوارفارين بأكل سلطات كبيرة من السبانخ واللفت الأجعد (الكيل) كل يوم. ما القلق الرئيسي؟

1. Aقد يرفع فيتامين K الزائد قيمة INR
2. Bتتلف الخضروات الخضراء الكبد مع الوارفارين
3. Cقد يخفض فيتامين K الزائد قيمة INR
4. Dلا يوجد تداخل بين الغذاء والوارفارين

A patient uses a glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) patch for angina. Why is it usually removed for several hours each day?

1. AThe patch works only during the night
2. BA nitrate-free interval prevents tolerance
3. CThe skin needs a break to absorb a larger dose
4. DIt lowers the risk of a high potassium level

Three days after an MI, a patient faints on the commode while straining hard to open the bowels. The heart rate was 42/min at the time. What is the most likely mechanism?

1. AA new pulmonary embolism
2. BA vagal response to straining
3. CAn allergic reaction to the commode
4. DLow blood glucose from fasting

A patient with a valid, documented do-not-attempt-CPR decision (DNACPR in the UK, DNR or DNAR in the US) is found in cardiac arrest. What should the nurse do?

1. ANot start CPR, call for support, and provide dignity and comfort
2. BStart full CPR because the patient's family is not present
3. CStart CPR but use only chest compressions
4. DCall the arrest team and let them decide whether to resuscitate