ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

During cardiac arrest, how is adrenaline (epinephrine) usually given?

1. ABy inhalation through a nebuliser mask
2. BIntravenously or by the intraosseous route
3. CBy subcutaneous injection into the abdomen
4. DBy mouth, crushed and given with water

What is a thoracentesis?

1. ARemoving a lobe of the lung
2. BRemoving fluid from the pleural space with a needle
3. CInserting a flexible camera into the airways to look inside
4. DMeasuring lung volumes by blowing into a tube

ما الحالتان المشمولتان بداء الانسداد الرئوي المزمن (COPD)؟

1. Aالتليف الرئوي والساركويد
2. Bتوسع القصبات والتليف الكيسي
3. Cالنفاخ الرئوي والتهاب القصبات المزمن
4. Dالربو والالتهاب الرئوي

After varicose vein surgery, which advice is usually given?

1. AWear the compression stockings as advised and walk regularly
2. BAvoid all walking until the bruising has gone
3. CStand still for long periods to help the veins heal
4. DStay in bed for two weeks with the legs hanging down

يُظهر المراقب رجفانًا بطينيًا. المريض غير مستجيب ولا يتنفس بشكل طبيعي. ما العلاج الأساسي؟

1. Aأدينوزين وريدي سريع تليه شطفة
2. Bالإنعاش القلبي الرئوي وإزالة الرجفان بأسرع وقت ممكن
3. Cأتروبين وريدي وتنظيم نظم خارجي
4. Dتقويم نظم القلب المتزامن تحت تهدئة عميقة

Which patient is most typical of a primary spontaneous pneumothorax?

1. AA middle-aged woman with high blood pressure
2. BAn older woman with long-standing heart failure
3. CA child with a viral sore throat
4. DA tall, thin young man who smokes

After an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting that responded to adrenaline (epinephrine), a patient asks to go home immediately. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AStay for observation, then go home with an adrenaline auto-injector and teaching
2. BStay in hospital for at least two weeks on daily intravenous antihistamines
3. CGo home and take antihistamines only if the throat swells
4. DGo home straight away, because anaphylaxis never recurs once adrenaline has worked

A patient with COPD who is known to retain CO₂ arrives on 15 L/min oxygen. They are now drowsy with SpO₂ 99%. What is the most appropriate action?

1. AReduce the oxygen to aim for 88–92% and get a blood gas
2. BRemove the oxygen completely and observe
3. CKeep the oxygen at 15 L/min because the saturation is excellent
4. DGive a sedative to help the patient rest