ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسي مع الإجابات

How does CPAP help in obstructive sleep apnoea?

1. AIt slows the breathing rate during sleep
2. BConstant positive pressure holds the upper airway open
3. CIt removes carbon dioxide through a filter
4. DIt delivers a drug that relaxes the airway muscles overnight

What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?

1. A7,50–7,65
2. B6,80–7,00
3. C7,35–7,45
4. D7,00–7,20

Which structure is the heart's natural pacemaker?

1. AThe sinoatrial (SA) node
2. BThe atrioventricular (AV) node
3. CThe Purkinje fibres
4. DThe bundle of His

Why must intravenous potassium chloride never be given as a rapid push or undiluted?

1. AIt turns into solid crystals inside the vein and blocks it
2. BIt works only when given by mouth
3. CIt immediately lowers the blood glucose to dangerous levels
4. DA sudden high potassium level can cause cardiac arrest

مريض مصاب بارتفاع ضغط الدم يتناول الأملوديبين. ما الأثر الجانبي الذي ستلاحظه الممرضة على الأرجح؟

1. Aصفير
2. Bفرط بوتاسيوم الدم
3. Cتورم الكاحلين
4. Dسعال جاف مدغدغ

How does ezetimibe lower cholesterol?

1. AIt increases cholesterol loss in the urine
2. BIt blocks cholesterol production by enzymes in the liver
3. CIt reduces absorption of cholesterol from the gut
4. DIt dissolves plaques already in the arteries

On the first day after abdominal surgery, a patient has a temperature of 37,8 °C, SpO₂ 93% on air and reduced breath sounds at both bases. They have stayed in bed because of pain. What is the most likely cause and response?

1. AAtelectasis: give analgesia, deep breathing and mobilisation
2. BWound infection: open the wound fully and swab it for culture
3. CPulmonary oedema: restrict all oral fluids and give a diuretic
4. DNormal recovery; no action is needed

After chest trauma, a patient is hypotensive with reduced breath sounds on the left. Which finding suggests a haemothorax rather than a tension pneumothorax?

1. ADullness to percussion on the affected side
2. BTrachea pushed away from the affected side
3. CHyper-resonance on the affected side
4. DDistended neck veins