ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الجهاز الهضمي وما حول الجراحة والأورام مع الإجابات

How is parenteral nutrition given?

1. ABy mouth as a thick supplement drink
2. BInto the muscle of the thigh
3. CThrough a nasogastric tube into the stomach
4. DInto a vein, usually through a central line

Which factor most increases the risk of Clostridioides difficile infection?

1. ARegular exercise
2. BA diet high in fibre
3. CRecent antibiotic treatment
4. DDrinking bottled water

Which sign suggests acute cholecystitis?

1. APain that stops a deep breath when the right upper abdomen is pressed
2. BBruising around the umbilicus and over both flanks of the abdomen
3. CA flapping tremor of the hands when the arms are held out
4. DPain in the left lower abdomen when the right side is pressed

A patient has taken oral prednisolone daily for many months. Why is this important before surgery?

1. AThey may need extra steroid cover to prevent an adrenal crisis
2. BSteroids must always be stopped a full week before any type of surgery
3. CSteroids make the anaesthetic drugs last much longer
4. DSteroids prevent all wound infections after surgery

Before an anti-TNF biologic such as infliximab is started for Crohn's disease, which screening is essential?

1. AA bone density scan
2. BA test for coeliac disease
3. CScreening for tuberculosis
4. DA test of colour vision

What is achalasia?

1. AInflammation of the oesophagus caused by a fungal infection
2. BFailure of the lower oesophageal sphincter to relax on swallowing
3. CWeakness of the lower oesophageal sphincter that allows reflux
4. DA tear at the junction of the oesophagus and the stomach

After several days of a tight CPAP mask, a patient has a red, broken area on the bridge of the nose. What is this, and what should the nurse do?

1. AA burn from the oxygen; apply ice to the area
2. BA normal mark; take no action until it heals
3. CA device-related pressure injury; protect skin and refit the mask
4. DAn allergic rash; stop the CPAP for good and give oral antihistamines

A patient on modified-release morphine for cancer pain has needed four breakthrough doses every day for several days. What should the nurse do?

1. AReport it, as the regular background dose may need review
2. BStop the breakthrough doses to reduce opioid use
3. CGive all breakthrough doses at the same time
4. DTell the patient to put up with the pain between doses