ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الجهاز الهضمي وما حول الجراحة والأورام مع الإجابات

لماذا يظهر اليرقان في أمراض الكبد؟

1. Aيُخزَّن صباغ أصفر من الطعام في الجلد
2. Bيصنع الكبد خلايا دم حمراء أكثر من اللازم دفعة واحدة
3. Cتصنع الكليتان يوريا أكثر من اللازم للجسم
4. Dيتراكم البيليروبين لأن الكبد لا يستطيع تصفيته

Why is nail varnish or a gel nail often removed from at least one finger before surgery?

1. ASo pulse oximetry readings and nail colour can be assessed accurately
2. BBecause the varnish can make the anaesthetic gas less effective
3. CBecause varnish raises the patient's blood pressure
4. DBecause it is a checklist rule with no clinical reason

Which drug is commonly used to prevent or treat postoperative nausea and vomiting?

1. AOndansetron
2. BAtorvastatin
3. CAmlodipine
4. DFurosemide

Which is a recognised risk of long-term proton pump inhibitor use?

1. AHyperkalaemia
2. BHypercalcaemia
3. CHypomagnesaemia
4. DHypernatraemia

What is a Curling's ulcer?

1. AA stress ulcer of the stomach or duodenum after a major burn
2. BA pressure ulcer under a splint that has been left on too long
3. CA burn on the sole of the foot
4. DA leg ulcer caused by venous disease after long bed rest

How should pancreatic enzyme replacement capsules usually be taken?

1. AWith every meal and snack
2. BOnce a day at bedtime
3. COne hour after meals, on an empty stomach
4. DOnly on days with abdominal pain

Which group of signs suggests that a patient is entering the last days of life?

1. ARising appetite, more energy and normal skin colour and warmth
2. BClearer thinking and increased movement
3. CHigh blood pressure and very fast weight gain
4. DReduced intake, mottled skin and changes in breathing

Six hours after surgery, a patient has not passed urine, has lower abdominal discomfort and a bladder scan shows 750 mL. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive a diuretic to increase urine flow
2. BCatheterise as per protocol or prescription
3. CRestrict fluids until the urge returns
4. DWait another twelve hours before acting