ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الأعصاب والغدد الصماء والكلى مع الإجابات

What is the normal range for total serum calcium in an adult?

1. AAbout 2,2–2,6 mmol/L (8,5–10,5 mg/dL)
2. BAbout 3,5–5,0 mmol/L (14–20 mg/dL)
3. CAbout 0,7–1,0 mmol/L (2,8–4,0 mg/dL)
4. DAbout 1,0–1,5 mmol/L (4,0–6,0 mg/dL)

Which ECG change is typical of hyperkalaemia?

1. ATall, peaked T waves
2. BFlattened T waves
3. CProminent U waves
4. DA shortened PR interval

What is the main cause of the movement problems in Parkinson's disease?

1. AToo much dopamine released in the basal ganglia
2. BLoss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra
3. CAntibodies that attack acetylcholine receptors in muscle
4. DLoss of the myelin sheath around nerves in the brain and spinal cord

A routine blood test shows a potassium of 6,4 mmol/L. The lab reports that the sample was haemolysed. The patient feels well. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive oral potassium supplements straight away
2. BInform the doctor and arrange an urgent repeat sample
3. CIgnore it, because haemolysis always gives a normal result
4. DStart dialysis as soon as possible

An older patient with a long-term catheter has bacteria in the urine but no symptoms. What is usually appropriate?

1. AAntibiotics for life to keep the urine sterile
2. BRemove the catheter permanently at once
3. CA full course of antibiotics straight away
4. DNo antibiotics, as long as there are no symptoms

A stroke patient with dysphagia has been started on a modified diet. Which action best reduces the risk of aspiration?

1. AFeed quickly so the patient does not tire during the meal
2. BLay the patient flat straight after meals so they can rest and digest
3. CSit the patient fully upright for meals and for a while afterwards
4. DGive fluids through a straw so they flow more slowly

On day 6 after a subarachnoid haemorrhage, a patient becomes newly confused and develops weakness in one arm. The aneurysm was secured on day 1. What is the most likely cause?

1. AHypoglycaemia from reduced eating
2. BDelayed cerebral ischaemia from vasospasm
3. CNormal tiredness after major surgery
4. DRe-bleeding from the secured aneurysm

A patient with a long-term catheter has fever and rigors, and a catheter UTI is suspected. Which action is recommended before starting antibiotics?

1. ARemove the catheter and leave it out permanently
2. BFlush the catheter with saline and continue
3. CReplace the catheter and take a sample from the new one
4. DTake a sample from the drainage bag and send it to the lab