ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الأعصاب والغدد الصماء والكلى مع الإجابات

Which statement about metformin is correct?

1. AIt works by making the pancreas release a lot more insulin
2. BUsed on its own, it rarely causes hypoglycaemia
3. CIt is the usual first treatment for type 1 diabetes in adults
4. DIt is given by injection into the abdomen once a week

What is a suprapubic catheter?

1. AA catheter put into the bladder through the abdomen
2. BA catheter passed into the bladder through the urethra
3. CA tube placed into the kidney through the back
4. DA small catheter used only once and then removed

أيّ فحص دم هو الأشيع استخدامًا لتقدير وظيفة الكلى؟

1. Aمستوى ألبومين المصل
2. BHbA1c (الهيموغلوبين الغليكوزيلاتي)
3. Cكرياتينين المصل (eGFR)
4. Dمستوى أميلاز المصل

كيف يُحسب ضغط التروية الدماغي (CPP)؟

1. Aالضغط الشرياني الانقباضي زائد الضغط داخل القحف
2. Bالضغط الانبساطي ناقص الضغط الوريدي المركزي
3. Cالضغط الشرياني المتوسط مقسومًا على معدل القلب
4. Dالضغط الشرياني المتوسط ناقص الضغط داخل القحف

A patient taking sodium valproate becomes tired and is vomiting, and the nurse notices yellowing of the eyes. What is the main concern?

1. ALiver toxicity from valproate
2. BA sign that the dose is too low
3. CDehydration from drinking too little
4. DA normal adjustment reaction to the drug

A patient on peritoneal dialysis has gained weight and has higher glucose levels. Which part of the treatment is the likely cause?

1. AAir entering the abdomen during exchanges
2. BProtein lost into the dialysis fluid
3. CSodium lost into the dialysis fluid
4. DGlucose absorbed from the dialysis fluid

After removal of a cortisol-producing adrenal adenoma, why may the patient need hydrocortisone for months?

1. AThe other adrenal gland has been suppressed
2. BThe tumour will grow back quickly without it
3. CThe operation always removes both adrenal glands
4. DHydrocortisone helps the wound to heal

A 74-year-old falls forward and hits their chin. Their arms are much weaker than their legs, and they have burning pain in the hands. Which injury is most likely?

1. ACauda equina syndrome
2. BCentral cord syndrome
3. CA complete lumbar cord injury
4. DBrown-Séquard syndrome