ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الأعصاب والغدد الصماء والكلى مع الإجابات

What does the HbA1c test show?

1. AThe blood glucose at the exact moment that the sample is taken
2. BThe amount of insulin the pancreas is making
3. CThe average blood glucose over about two to three months
4. DThe glucose level over the last 24 hours only

What is the usual first-line treatment for stress urinary incontinence in women?

1. AA permanent urinary catheter
2. BRestricting fluids to half a litre a day
3. CSurgery straight away
4. DPelvic floor muscle training

كيف يُتناول الليفوثيروكسين عادةً؟

1. Aعلى معدة فارغة، قبل الفطور بـ 30–60 دقيقة
2. Bمع فطور كبير يتضمن الحليب والقهوة
3. Cفقط في الأيام التي يشعر فيها المريض بالتعب
4. Dعند وقت النوم مع قرص كالسيوم أو حديد

A patient who has had type 1 diabetes for 30 years says they no longer feel the warning signs of a hypo. What is this called?

1. ADiabetic ketoacidosis
2. BInsulin resistance
3. CHypoglycaemia unawareness
4. DThe dawn phenomenon

A stroke patient with dysphagia has been started on a modified diet. Which action best reduces the risk of aspiration?

1. ALay the patient flat straight after meals so they can rest and digest
2. BFeed quickly so the patient does not tire during the meal
3. CGive fluids through a straw so they flow more slowly
4. DSit the patient fully upright for meals and for a while afterwards

بعد جراحة النخامية، يُخرج مريض 400 mL من البول في الساعة لمدة ثلاث ساعات بوزن نوعي منخفض. ماذا ينبغي أن تشتبه الممرضة؟

1. Aإدرار بول طبيعي
2. Bالسكري الكاذب
3. Cأذية كلوية حادة
4. DSIADH

A patient with motor neurone disease reports morning headaches, poor sleep and sleepiness during the day. What do these symptoms suggest?

1. ANormal tiredness that needs no specific action
2. BA side effect of riluzole, which should be stopped straight away by the nurse
3. CLow mood, which should be treated with an antidepressant first
4. DWeak breathing at night, so a review for ventilation support

A patient has frothy urine and marked leg swelling. Serum albumin is 18 g/L (1,8 g/dL), and BP is normal. The urine shows heavy protein but little blood. What is most likely?

1. AA urethral stricture
2. BNephritic syndrome
3. CNephrotic syndrome
4. DAcute pyelonephritis