ورقة عمل التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الأعصاب والغدد الصماء والكلى مع الإجابات

What is the main cause of the movement problems in Parkinson's disease?

1. ALoss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra
2. BToo much dopamine released in the basal ganglia
3. CAntibodies that attack acetylcholine receptors in muscle
4. DLoss of the myelin sheath around nerves in the brain and spinal cord

What is automated peritoneal dialysis?

1. AA single exchange done once a week
2. BDialysis that needs no fluid at all
3. CDialysis in hospital through an arm fistula
4. DExchanges done overnight by a machine

In countries with enough iodine in the diet, what is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

1. AToo much iodine in salt
2. BAutoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's)
3. CA pituitary tumour pressing on the gland
4. DThyroid cancer

Which signs suggest rejection of a kidney transplant?

1. AA rash on the face after sun exposure
2. BMore urine, a falling creatinine and weight loss
3. CLess urine, a rising creatinine and a tender graft
4. DA cough, wheeze and a runny nose with sneezing

When a patient sticks out their tongue, it points to the right. Which nerve is affected?

1. AThe right hypoglossal nerve (XII)
2. BThe left trigeminal nerve (V)
3. CThe right facial nerve (VII)
4. DThe left hypoglossal nerve (XII)

Before a haemodialysis catheter is used, why is the lock solution withdrawn from each lumen?

1. AIt contains concentrated anticoagulant
2. BIt contains a strong antibiotic that must be kept
3. CIt contains the patient's urine
4. DIt contains air that keeps the line open

A patient on levothyroxine has palpitations, weight loss and poor sleep. TSH is suppressed, and free T4 is high. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe thyroid has stopped working
2. BA normal response to the drug
3. CThe dose is too low
4. DThe dose is too high

استمرت نوبة صرع 12 دقيقة. أُعطيت جرعتان من البنزوديازيبين، والنوبة مستمرة. المجرى الهوائي والأكسجين مضبوطان. ما الخطوة التالية في البروتوكولات الشائعة؟

1. Aإعطاء أقراص مضادة للنوبات فمويًا عندما يستطيع المريض البلع
2. Bالانتظار 30 دقيقة أخرى لمعرفة هل ستتوقف النوبة
3. Cجرعة ثالثة ورابعة من البنزوديازيبين كل دقيقتين
4. Dدواء وريدي من الخط الثاني مثل الليفيتيراسيتام أو الفينيتوئين