ورقة عمل علم الأدوية مع الإجابات

On the WHO analgesic ladder, which drugs form the first step?

1. AStrong opioids such as morphine given intravenously
2. BWeak opioids such as codeine or tramadol, used on their own
3. CLocal anaesthetic nerve blocks for all patients
4. DNon-opioids such as paracetamol and NSAIDs

Why is magnesium sulfate given to a woman with severe pre-eclampsia?

1. ATo treat a urinary infection
2. BTo start labour contractions
3. CTo prevent eclamptic seizures
4. DTo raise her blood pressure

لصاقة الفنتانيل الموضوعة على الجلد مثال على أي طريق إعطاء؟

1. Aعبر الجلد (transdermal)
2. Bداخل الأدمة
3. Cتحت اللسان
4. Dتحت الجلد

يعمل الوارفارين عن طريق:

1. Aتنشيط مضاد الثرومبين
2. Bتثبيط الثرومبين مباشرة
3. Cحجب تخليق عوامل التخثر المعتمد على فيتامين K
4. Dحجب تكدس الصفائح عبر التثبيط غير العكوس لـ COX-1

A patient with diabetes is sweaty and shaky. Blood glucose is 3,0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL). The patient is awake and can swallow. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive 15–20 g of fast-acting carbohydrate, such as juice
2. BGive the next scheduled dose of insulin
3. CGive a large meal high in fat and protein to keep glucose up for longer
4. DGive intramuscular glucagon at once

Which side effects are most common when starting gabapentin?

1. ADrowsiness and dizziness
2. BCough and runny nose
3. CHair loss and weight loss
4. DInsomnia and agitation

An older patient with coronary artery disease is starting levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. Why is a low starting dose used?

1. AFast replacement raises cardiac oxygen demand and can cause angina
2. BOlder patients absorb levothyroxine much better, so small doses are all they need
3. CHigh starting doses cause permanent hypothyroidism
4. DLevothyroxine causes severe hypoglycaemia in older patients

A patient with type 2 diabetes starts a high dose of prednisolone for a flare of COPD. Which change should the nurse expect?

1. AHigher blood glucose, so more frequent glucose checks are needed
2. BLower blood glucose, so the diabetes medicines should be stopped
3. CLower potassium only, with no effect on glucose
4. DNo change in glucose, as steroids act only in the lungs