ورقة عمل علم الأدوية مع الإجابات

What does "polypharmacy" mean?

1. AThe use of many medicines at the same time, often five or more
2. BA pharmacy that stocks many different brands of the same drug
3. CUsing a drug at a very high dose
4. DTaking one drug in several different forms

Why is methadone used to treat opioid use disorder?

1. AIt cures the liver damage caused by opioids
2. BIt is a long-acting opioid that prevents withdrawal and craving
3. CIt causes vomiting if other opioids are used
4. DIt is a pure opioid antagonist that blocks all opioid effects

How does tramadol relieve pain?

1. AWeak opioid agonism plus inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline
2. BBlocking COX enzymes in the periphery
3. CBlocking sodium channels in peripheral nerves
4. DAntagonising NMDA receptors in the spinal cord and blocking sodium channels

A patient with Addison's disease on hydrocortisone develops a fever with flu. What is the usual advice?

1. AHalve the hydrocortisone to reduce side effects
2. BIncrease the dose as instructed (sick-day rules) and seek help if vomiting
3. CMake no change, as illness does not affect cortisol needs
4. DStop the hydrocortisone until the fever settles, to let the body recover

During adult cardiac arrest, how often is IV adrenaline (epinephrine) usually repeated?

1. AEvery 15–20 minutes
2. BEvery 3–5 minutes
3. COnce only, at the start
4. DEvery 30 seconds

أي عامل يزيد خطر التسمم بالليثيوم؟

1. Aأخذ الجرعة مع الطعام
2. Bشرب ماء إضافي
3. Cالجفاف
4. Dنظام غذائي غني بالملح

Why do infants absorb more of a topical corticosteroid than adults?

1. AInfants do not absorb topical drugs at all
2. BTheir skin contains no blood vessels
3. CThey have more skin area per kilogram and thinner skin
4. DTheir liver changes the cream into a much stronger form

A patient with latent tuberculosis feels well and is not infectious. Why is treatment such as isoniazid still offered?

1. ATo cure an active lung infection
2. BTo prevent progression to active TB later
3. CTo stop the patient spreading TB at the moment
4. DTo produce a negative skin test quickly