ورقة عمل علم الأدوية مع الإجابات

Methylphenidate, used in ADHD, belongs to which class?

1. AAntipsychotics (dopamine blockers)
2. BBenzodiazepines
3. COpioid analgesics
4. DCentral nervous system stimulants

On the WHO analgesic ladder, which drugs form the first step?

1. ALocal anaesthetic nerve blocks for all patients
2. BNon-opioids such as paracetamol and NSAIDs
3. CStrong opioids such as morphine given intravenously
4. DWeak opioids such as codeine or tramadol, used on their own

Fibrates such as fenofibrate mainly lower which blood lipid?

1. AHDL cholesterol
2. BTriglycerides
3. CLipoprotein(a) only
4. DBile acids

A patient takes regular paracetamol (acetaminophen) at home. Which teaching point best prevents accidental overdose?

1. ATake paracetamol with alcohol to improve absorption
2. BCheck cold and flu remedies, as many also contain paracetamol
3. CUse paracetamol only on an empty stomach
4. DTake an extra dose if the first one does not work within 10 minutes

Why is a spacer recommended with a metered-dose inhaler?

1. AIt turns the inhaler into a nebuliser
2. BIt removes the need to shake the inhaler
3. CIt doubles the dose of drug released by each puff of the inhaler
4. DMore drug reaches the lungs and less stays in the mouth

A patient is starting lamotrigine. Which adverse effect should the patient report at once?

1. AMild headache on the first day
2. BAny new skin rash
3. CA brief change in taste
4. DSlight tiredness in the afternoon

A patient receiving cisplatin is given large volumes of IV fluid before and after each dose. What is the main purpose?

1. ATo prevent bleeding
2. BTo prevent hair loss
3. CTo increase drug absorption from the gut
4. DTo reduce kidney damage

يتحول الكوديين إلى مورفين بواسطة CYP2D6. ماذا يحدث لدى مريض من فئة المستقلبين فائقي السرعة لـ CYP2D6؟

1. Aلا يكاد الكوديين يخفف الألم لأن القليل من المورفين يتكون
2. Bيتكون مزيد من المورفين، فيزداد خطر التسمم بالأفيونات
3. Cيتحول الكوديين إلى مركّب غير فعال فقط
4. Dيُطرح الكوديين دون تغيير في البول