ورقة عمل علم الأدوية مع الإجابات

ماذا تصف «فاعلية» الدواء (potency)؟

1. Aأكبر تأثير يمكن أن يُحدثه الدواء
2. Bمدة بقاء الدواء في الجسم
3. Cكمية الدواء اللازمة لإحداث تأثير معيّن
4. Dمدى أمان الدواء مقارنة بالأدوية الأخرى في فئته

ما الدواء الوهمي (placebo)؟

1. Aعلاج غير فعال قد يُحدث مع ذلك تأثيرات عبر التوقع
2. Bدواء يُعطى بنصف الجرعة المعتادة لتقليل الآثار الجانبية في التجارب
3. Cدواء جديد لم تتم الموافقة عليه بعد
4. Dدواء لا يكون فعالًا إلا في مجموعة الدواء الوهمي

Desmopressin is a synthetic analogue of which hormone?

1. AAldosterone
2. BInsulin
3. COxytocin, the hormone of labour
4. DAntidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)

Why should a patient rinse the mouth after using an inhaled corticosteroid?

1. ATo stop the drug being absorbed too quickly into the blood
2. BTo prevent a fall in blood glucose
3. CTo make the drug work faster in the lungs
4. DTo reduce the risk of oral thrush (candidiasis) and hoarseness

A patient given haloperidol develops a sudden painful twisting of the neck and the eyes roll upward. Which drug is usually given?

1. AAn anticholinergic such as benzatropine (benztropine)
2. BA second dose of haloperidol
3. CDantrolene by mouth to relax the twisted neck muscles
4. DNaloxone

What should the nurse teach a patient starting nitrofurantoin?

1. ATake it with food, and the urine may turn dark yellow or brown
2. BStop it as soon as the burning settles
3. CExpect blue urine, which shows that the drug is working well
4. DTake it on an empty stomach with an antacid

A patient who takes propranolol has anaphylaxis and does not respond to repeated adrenaline doses. Which drug may help?

1. ANaloxone
2. BGlucagon
3. CMore propranolol
4. DOral cetirizine alone

A patient with severe liver cirrhosis needs a benzodiazepine for alcohol withdrawal. Why is lorazepam often chosen instead of diazepam?

1. ALorazepam is cleared by simple conjugation and has no active metabolites
2. BLorazepam is excreted unchanged in the urine without any metabolism
3. CLorazepam does not cause sedation in liver disease
4. DLorazepam is a stronger anticonvulsant than all other benzodiazepines