In the print window, choose “Save as PDF” to keep a copy on your device.
1Formulas and methods
Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Method
Check whether the resident is in danger right now (not breathing, choking, a fall, chest pain, stroke signs); if so, keep them safe and get the nurse at once.
Ask whether the task is within the nursing assistant’s scope and training; if not, decline politely and tell the nurse.
Respect the resident’s rights: privacy, choice, refusal of care, dignity and freedom from abuse and unneeded restraints.
Apply the basic rules: hand hygiene, body mechanics, bed low and call light within reach, weak side first when dressing.
Observe and report: compare with the resident’s usual state and report changes promptly and objectively.
Nursing math & unit conversions
Metric steps
1 kg = 1000 g, 1 g = 1000 mg, 1 mg = 1000 mcg, 1 L = 1000 mL
Weight and length
1 kg = 2.2 lb, 1 lb = 16 oz, 1 in = 2.54 cm, 1 ft = 12 in
Household measures
1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL
Write the given quantity with its unit and the unit you want.
Pick the equivalent: 1000 between kg, g, mg and mcg or L and mL; 1 kg = 2.2 lb; 1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 240 mL.
Write it as a fraction so that the unwanted unit cancels; for a rate, use one fraction per unit that changes.
Check the direction: a smaller unit gives a bigger number.
Round only the final answer, to the precision the question names.
2Practice problems
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeMedium
Why is a lift (draw) sheet used to move a resident up in bed?
AIt reduces friction and shearing on the skin
BIt keeps the resident warmer while moving
CIt lets one person move any resident alone
DIt removes the need to lower the head of the bed
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeHard
A resident with an anxiety disorder is breathing fast and says her heart is pounding and she feels she is going to die. What should the nursing assistant do first?
AHave her breathe into a plastic bag
BStay with her, speak calmly and call the nurse to check her
CTell her it is only anxiety and leave the room
DAsk her to walk around the hallway quickly to calm herself down
3.Nursing math & unit conversionsMedium
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A dose calculation for a small injection gives 0.67201 mL. The rule in this exercise is that volumes below 1 mL are rounded to the nearest hundredth of a mL. What value x do you record?
0.67201 mL
x = mL
4.Nursing math & unit conversionsHard
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). An infusion starts at 18:40 and finishes at 02:45 the next morning (24-hour clock). How many minutes t did it run?
18:4002:45
t = min
3Solutions
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: A · It reduces friction and shearing on the skin
Why this is the answer
Lifting the resident on a lift sheet keeps the skin from rubbing against the bed, which reduces friction and shearing. This helps prevent skin tears and pressure injuries.
Answer
A · It reduces friction and shearing on the skin
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: B · Stay with her, speak calmly and call the nurse to check her
Why this is the answer
These signs may be a panic attack, but they can also be a heart or breathing problem. The nursing assistant stays, keeps her calm and safe and gets the nurse to assess her. Plastic bags are dangerous.
Answer
B · Stay with her, speak calmly and call the nurse to check her
3.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: x = 0.67 mL
Rounding: look at the digit just after the place you round to: 5 or more rounds up, 4 or less leaves the digit as it is. Round only the final answer, never the steps. Typical exam rules: volumes of 1 mL or more to the nearest tenth, volumes below 1 mL to the nearest hundredth, drip rates to whole drops and weights to one decimal place; always follow the rule the question states.
Digit in the hundredths place
0.67201 → 7
Only the next digit decides
0.67201 → 2
2 is 4 or less, so 7 stays.
The digits after it (01) are ignored: round once, never step by step.
Round
x = 0.67 mL
Answer
x = 0.67 mL
4.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: t = 485 min
24-hour clock: from 1 PM onwards add 12 to the hour (3:45 PM = 15:45). Midnight to 12:59 AM is 00:00–00:59, and 12:00–12:59 PM stays 12:00–12:59. Going back, subtract 12 from hours 13–23 and add PM; hours 00 become 12 AM. Count time across midnight in two parts: up to 24:00 (00:00), then from 00:00 on.
Before midnight
18:40 → 24:00 = 320 min
After midnight
00:00 → 02:45 = 165 min
Total
t = 320 + 165 = 485 min
Answer
t = 485 min
This is independent practice material. ExamProblems is not affiliated with or endorsed by the organisation that runs this exam, and the exam name is used only to describe the content.