In the print window, choose “Save as PDF” to keep a copy on your device.
1Formulas and methods
Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Method
Check whether the resident is in danger right now (not breathing, choking, a fall, chest pain, stroke signs); if so, keep them safe and get the nurse at once.
Ask whether the task is within the nursing assistant’s scope and training; if not, decline politely and tell the nurse.
Respect the resident’s rights: privacy, choice, refusal of care, dignity and freedom from abuse and unneeded restraints.
Apply the basic rules: hand hygiene, body mechanics, bed low and call light within reach, weak side first when dressing.
Observe and report: compare with the resident’s usual state and report changes promptly and objectively.
Nursing math & unit conversions
Metric steps
1 kg = 1000 g, 1 g = 1000 mg, 1 mg = 1000 mcg, 1 L = 1000 mL
Weight and length
1 kg = 2.2 lb, 1 lb = 16 oz, 1 in = 2.54 cm, 1 ft = 12 in
Household measures
1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL
Write the given quantity with its unit and the unit you want.
Pick the equivalent: 1000 between kg, g, mg and mcg or L and mL; 1 kg = 2.2 lb; 1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 240 mL.
Write it as a fraction so that the unwanted unit cancels; for a rate, use one fraction per unit that changes.
Check the direction: a smaller unit gives a bigger number.
Round only the final answer, to the precision the question names.
2Practice problems
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeMedium
When taking a tympanic (ear) temperature on an adult, how is the outer ear pulled?
ADown and back
BStraight down
CUp and back
DForward toward the face
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeHard
A fire starts in a wastebasket in a resident's room. Following RACE, what does the nursing assistant do first?
ASpray the fire with the nearest extinguisher
BRemove the resident from immediate danger
CPhone the resident's family
DClose all the doors on the unit
3.Nursing math & unit conversionsMedium
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A newborn weighs 8 lb 13 oz. Using 1 lb = 16 oz and 1 kg = 2.2 lb, find the weight m in kilograms. Round to two decimal places.
8 lb 13 oz1 lb = 16 oz1 kg = 2.2 lb
m = kg
4.Nursing math & unit conversionsHard
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). During a shift a patient takes ¼ cup of tea, 1½ tsp of cough syrup, 6 fl oz of juice, ½ tbsp of liquid supplement. Using the equivalents given, find the total oral intake V in mL.
1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL1 tsp = 5 mL1 fl oz = 30 mL1 tbsp = 15 mL
V = mL
3Solutions
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: C · Up and back
Why this is the answer
For adults, the outer ear is gently pulled up and back to straighten the ear canal so the probe points toward the eardrum. (For young children it is pulled down and back.)
Answer
C · Up and back
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: B · Remove the resident from immediate danger
Why this is the answer
RACE means Rescue, Alarm, Confine, Extinguish. Moving residents away from immediate danger comes first, then the alarm is activated, doors are closed to confine the fire, and the fire is put out only if it is small and safe.
Answer
B · Remove the resident from immediate danger
3.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: m = 4.01 kg
Household measures and weight: nursing exams use rounded equivalents: 1 teaspoon (tsp) = 5 mL, 1 tablespoon (tbsp) = 15 mL = 3 tsp, 1 fluid ounce (fl oz) = 30 mL = 2 tbsp, and 1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL. For weight, 1 kg = 2.2 lb and 1 lb = 16 oz; for length, 1 inch = 2.54 cm. Set the conversion up so that the unit you do not want cancels out.
Ounces to pounds
13 oz/16 = 0.8125 lb
8 + 0.8125 = 8.813 lb
Pounds to kilograms
m = 8.813/2.2 = 4.006 ≈ 4.01 kg
Answer
m = 4.01 kg
4.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: V = 255 mL
Household measures and weight: nursing exams use rounded equivalents: 1 teaspoon (tsp) = 5 mL, 1 tablespoon (tbsp) = 15 mL = 3 tsp, 1 fluid ounce (fl oz) = 30 mL = 2 tbsp, and 1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL. For weight, 1 kg = 2.2 lb and 1 lb = 16 oz; for length, 1 inch = 2.54 cm. Set the conversion up so that the unit you do not want cancels out.
Each item in mL
¼ cup = 0.25·240 = 60 mL
1½ tsp = 1.5·5 = 7.5 mL
6 fl oz = 6·30 = 180 mL
½ tbsp = 0.5·15 = 7.5 mL
Add
V = 60 + 7.5 + 180 + 7.5 = 255 mL
Answer
V = 255 mL
This is independent practice material. ExamProblems is not affiliated with or endorsed by the organisation that runs this exam, and the exam name is used only to describe the content.