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1Formulas and methods
Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Method
Check whether the resident is in danger right now (not breathing, choking, a fall, chest pain, stroke signs); if so, keep them safe and get the nurse at once.
Ask whether the task is within the nursing assistant’s scope and training; if not, decline politely and tell the nurse.
Respect the resident’s rights: privacy, choice, refusal of care, dignity and freedom from abuse and unneeded restraints.
Apply the basic rules: hand hygiene, body mechanics, bed low and call light within reach, weak side first when dressing.
Observe and report: compare with the resident’s usual state and report changes promptly and objectively.
Nursing math & unit conversions
Metric steps
1 kg = 1000 g, 1 g = 1000 mg, 1 mg = 1000 mcg, 1 L = 1000 mL
Weight and length
1 kg = 2.2 lb, 1 lb = 16 oz, 1 in = 2.54 cm, 1 ft = 12 in
Household measures
1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL
Write the given quantity with its unit and the unit you want.
Pick the equivalent: 1000 between kg, g, mg and mcg or L and mL; 1 kg = 2.2 lb; 1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 240 mL.
Write it as a fraction so that the unwanted unit cancels; for a rate, use one fraction per unit that changes.
Check the direction: a smaller unit gives a bigger number.
Round only the final answer, to the precision the question names.
2Practice problems
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeMedium
How is a resident's hearing aid usually cared for at night?
ALeft on the bedside table with the battery on
BLeft in the ear so the resident can hear alarms
CSoaked in a cup of water to clean it
DTurned off, removed and stored in its labeled case
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeHard
A resident who sits in a wheelchair most of the day cannot shift her weight. Which plan protects her skin?
ALeave her in one position all day if she says she is comfortable sitting that way
BMassage her tailbone firmly every few hours
CSeat her on a donut-shaped ring cushion
DHelp her shift her weight or reposition her often, as the care plan directs
3.Nursing math & unit conversionsMedium
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A dose is charted at 09:20 (24-hour clock). Which entry is the same time on the 12-hour clock? Click it.
09:20
111:20 AM
29:20 PM
39:20 AM
48:20 AM
4.Nursing math & unit conversionsHard
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). An infusion delivers 4 mcg/min. Express this dose rate D in mg/h.
4 mcg/min1 h = 60 min1 mg = 1000 mcg
D = mg/h
3Solutions
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: D · Turned off, removed and stored in its labeled case
Why this is the answer
At night the hearing aid is turned off (or the battery door opened), removed and kept in its labeled case, away from water and heat. This saves the battery and prevents loss or damage.
Answer
D · Turned off, removed and stored in its labeled case
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: D · Help her shift her weight or reposition her often, as the care plan directs
Why this is the answer
Sitting puts heavy pressure on the tailbone and buttocks, so frequent repositioning as directed is essential. Ring cushions can reduce blood flow to the surrounding tissue, and massaging bony areas can damage tissue.
Answer
D · Help her shift her weight or reposition her often, as the care plan directs
3.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: 9:20 AM
24-hour clock: from 1 PM onwards add 12 to the hour (3:45 PM = 15:45). Midnight to 12:59 AM is 00:00–00:59, and 12:00–12:59 PM stays 12:00–12:59. Going back, subtract 12 from hours 13–23 and add PM; hours 00 become 12 AM. Count time across midnight in two parts: up to 24:00 (00:00), then from 00:00 on.
Convert the hour
09 → 9 AM
Answer
9:20 AM
Answer
9:20 AM
4.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: D = 0.24 mg/h
Dimensional analysis: write the given quantity, then multiply by conversion factors written as fractions (for example 60 min/1 h or 1 mg/1000 mcg) so that each unwanted unit appears once on top and once underneath and cancels. When only the wanted unit is left, calculate. Use the equivalents the question gives and round only the final answer.