In the print window, choose “Save as PDF” to keep a copy on your device.
1Formulas and methods
Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Method
Check whether the resident is in danger right now (not breathing, choking, a fall, chest pain, stroke signs); if so, keep them safe and get the nurse at once.
Ask whether the task is within the nursing assistant’s scope and training; if not, decline politely and tell the nurse.
Respect the resident’s rights: privacy, choice, refusal of care, dignity and freedom from abuse and unneeded restraints.
Apply the basic rules: hand hygiene, body mechanics, bed low and call light within reach, weak side first when dressing.
Observe and report: compare with the resident’s usual state and report changes promptly and objectively.
Nursing math & unit conversions
Metric steps
1 kg = 1000 g, 1 g = 1000 mg, 1 mg = 1000 mcg, 1 L = 1000 mL
Weight and length
1 kg = 2.2 lb, 1 lb = 16 oz, 1 in = 2.54 cm, 1 ft = 12 in
Household measures
1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL
Write the given quantity with its unit and the unit you want.
Pick the equivalent: 1000 between kg, g, mg and mcg or L and mL; 1 kg = 2.2 lb; 1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 240 mL.
Write it as a fraction so that the unwanted unit cancels; for a rate, use one fraction per unit that changes.
Check the direction: a smaller unit gives a bigger number.
Round only the final answer, to the precision the question names.
2Practice problems
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeMedium
Before turning a resident onto the side, why is the resident first moved toward the nursing assistant's side of the bed?
ASo that the resident can reach the call light more easily
BSo that after turning, the resident lies near the middle of the bed
CSo that the resident can see out of the window
DSo that the nursing assistant does not need to use a lift sheet to turn
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeHard
A resident avoids looking the nursing assistant in the eye during care. What should the nursing assistant keep in mind?
AThe resident cannot hear and needs a hearing aid
BThe resident must be depressed and should be reported to the nurse for it
CEye contact customs differ by culture, so it may not mean rudeness
DThe resident is being rude and should be told so
3.Nursing math & unit conversionsMedium
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A dose calculation for a small injection gives 0.73762 mL. The rule in this exercise is that volumes below 1 mL are rounded to the nearest hundredth of a mL. What value x do you record?
0.73762 mL
x = mL
4.Nursing math & unit conversionsHard
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). During a shift a patient takes 8 fl oz of juice, 3 cups of tea, 2½ tsp of cough syrup. Using the equivalents given, find the total oral intake V in mL.
1 fl oz = 30 mL1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL1 tsp = 5 mL
V = mL
3Solutions
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: B · So that after turning, the resident lies near the middle of the bed
Why this is the answer
Moving the resident toward you first means that when they turn away from you onto their side, they end up in the center of the bed, not at the edge where they could fall.
Answer
B · So that after turning, the resident lies near the middle of the bed
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: C · Eye contact customs differ by culture, so it may not mean rudeness
Why this is the answer
In some cultures, avoiding direct eye contact is a sign of respect. The nursing assistant avoids assumptions, respects the resident's customs and reports only real changes in behavior or mood.
Answer
C · Eye contact customs differ by culture, so it may not mean rudeness
3.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: x = 0.74 mL
Rounding: look at the digit just after the place you round to: 5 or more rounds up, 4 or less leaves the digit as it is. Round only the final answer, never the steps. Typical exam rules: volumes of 1 mL or more to the nearest tenth, volumes below 1 mL to the nearest hundredth, drip rates to whole drops and weights to one decimal place; always follow the rule the question states.
Digit in the hundredths place
0.73762 → 3
Only the next digit decides
0.73762 → 7
7 is 5 or more, so round 3 up.
The digits after it (62) are ignored: round once, never step by step.
Round
x = 0.74 mL
Answer
x = 0.74 mL
4.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: V = 972.5 mL
Household measures and weight: nursing exams use rounded equivalents: 1 teaspoon (tsp) = 5 mL, 1 tablespoon (tbsp) = 15 mL = 3 tsp, 1 fluid ounce (fl oz) = 30 mL = 2 tbsp, and 1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL. For weight, 1 kg = 2.2 lb and 1 lb = 16 oz; for length, 1 inch = 2.54 cm. Set the conversion up so that the unit you do not want cancels out.
Each item in mL
8 fl oz = 8·30 = 240 mL
3 cups = 3·240 = 720 mL
2½ tsp = 2.5·5 = 12.5 mL
Add
V = 240 + 720 + 12.5 = 972.5 mL
Answer
V = 972.5 mL
This is independent practice material. ExamProblems is not affiliated with or endorsed by the organisation that runs this exam, and the exam name is used only to describe the content.