In the print window, choose “Save as PDF” to keep a copy on your device.
1Formulas and methods
Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Method
Check whether the resident is in danger right now (not breathing, choking, a fall, chest pain, stroke signs); if so, keep them safe and get the nurse at once.
Ask whether the task is within the nursing assistant’s scope and training; if not, decline politely and tell the nurse.
Respect the resident’s rights: privacy, choice, refusal of care, dignity and freedom from abuse and unneeded restraints.
Apply the basic rules: hand hygiene, body mechanics, bed low and call light within reach, weak side first when dressing.
Observe and report: compare with the resident’s usual state and report changes promptly and objectively.
Nursing math & unit conversions
Metric steps
1 kg = 1000 g, 1 g = 1000 mg, 1 mg = 1000 mcg, 1 L = 1000 mL
Weight and length
1 kg = 2.2 lb, 1 lb = 16 oz, 1 in = 2.54 cm, 1 ft = 12 in
Household measures
1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 8 fl oz = 240 mL
Write the given quantity with its unit and the unit you want.
Pick the equivalent: 1000 between kg, g, mg and mcg or L and mL; 1 kg = 2.2 lb; 1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL, 1 fl oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 240 mL.
Write it as a fraction so that the unwanted unit cancels; for a rate, use one fraction per unit that changes.
Check the direction: a smaller unit gives a bigger number.
Round only the final answer, to the precision the question names.
2Practice problems
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeMedium
Which environment is most likely to calm a resident with dementia?
AA quiet, familiar setting with a regular daily routine
BA new room each week so the resident does not get bored
CA changing schedule so each day is a surprise
DA busy room with music, television and many visitors
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledgeHard
A nursing assistant notices that a coworker smells of alcohol and is unsteady while caring for residents. What should the nursing assistant do?
AWait until the end of the shift and discuss it privately
BIgnore it so the coworker does not get in trouble
CGive the coworker coffee and take over a few residents
DReport it to the nurse or supervisor right away
3.Nursing math & unit conversionsMedium
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A dose calculation for an injection gives 13.7848 mL. The rule in this exercise is that volumes of 1 mL or more are rounded to the nearest tenth of a mL. What value x do you record?
13.7848 mL
x = mL
4.Nursing math & unit conversionsHard
Practice exercise (made-up values, not clinical guidance). A prescription reads 1 tbsp of an oral suspension every 12 hours for 7 days. Using 1 tbsp = 15 mL, how many mL V are needed for the whole course?
1 tbspevery 12 hours7 days1 tbsp = 15 mL
V = mL
3Solutions
1.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: A · A quiet, familiar setting with a regular daily routine
Why this is the answer
People with dementia cope best with a calm, familiar environment and a predictable routine. Noise, crowds and frequent change can cause confusion and agitation.
Answer
A · A quiet, familiar setting with a regular daily routine
2.Nursing assistant (CNA) knowledge
Answer: D · Report it to the nurse or supervisor right away
Why this is the answer
A worker who may be impaired puts residents at risk. The nursing assistant reports it immediately to the nurse or supervisor so the coworker can be removed from care and residents kept safe.
Answer
D · Report it to the nurse or supervisor right away
3.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: x = 13.8 mL
Rounding: look at the digit just after the place you round to: 5 or more rounds up, 4 or less leaves the digit as it is. Round only the final answer, never the steps. Typical exam rules: volumes of 1 mL or more to the nearest tenth, volumes below 1 mL to the nearest hundredth, drip rates to whole drops and weights to one decimal place; always follow the rule the question states.
Digit in the tenths place
13.7848 → 7
Only the next digit decides
13.7848 → 8
8 is 5 or more, so round 7 up.
The digits after it (48) are ignored: round once, never step by step.
Round
x = 13.8 mL
Answer
x = 13.8 mL
4.Nursing math & unit conversions
Answer: V = 210 mL
Dimensional analysis: write the given quantity, then multiply by conversion factors written as fractions (for example 60 min/1 h or 1 mg/1000 mcg) so that each unwanted unit appears once on top and once underneath and cancels. When only the wanted unit is left, calculate. Use the equivalents the question gives and round only the final answer.
Volume per dose
1 tbsp = 1·15 = 15 mL
Whole course
V = 15 mL × 2/day × 7 = 210 mL
Answer
V = 210 mL
This is independent practice material. ExamProblems is not affiliated with or endorsed by the organisation that runs this exam, and the exam name is used only to describe the content.