Introduction to Law: cram pack

A sailor is to be paid only on completing a voyage, but dies part of the way. Under the strict rule applied in Cutter v Powell:

1. AThe full wages were payable
2. BThe ship owner had to pay compensation
3. CNothing was recoverable for the part performed
4. DA proportion of the wages was payable

A van is bought "on hire-purchase terms" with no further detail, and such terms varied widely in practice. In Scammell v Ouston, the House of Lords held:

1. AThere was a contract on the standard hire-purchase terms of the market
2. BThere was no contract, because the terms were too vague
3. CThere was a contract at a reasonable price
4. DThe seller's usual terms applied

A council leaves an abandoned boat on its land. Two boys jack it up to repair it, and it falls and injures one. In Jolley v Sutton LBC, the council was:

1. ALiable only to the boy who used the jack
2. BLiable, because the broad type of accident was foreseeable
3. CNot liable, because repairs are not play
4. DNot liable, because the boys' exact actions were unforeseeable

As a practical joke, a man falsely tells a woman that her husband has been badly injured. She suffers a serious illness from the shock. In Wilkinson v Downton, the man was:

1. ANot liable, because it was only a joke
2. BLiable only in defamation
3. CLiable for intentionally causing physical harm by a false statement
4. DNot liable, because there was no direct physical contact with the woman

A chief constable is dismissed without being told the charges or given a chance to respond. In Ridge v Baldwin, the House of Lords held:

1. AThe dismissal was valid, because the police had no contract
2. BThe dismissal was void for breach of natural justice
3. COnly Parliament could review the decision
4. DThe dismissal was valid, as it was an administrative decision

In R (Miller) v Secretary of State for Exiting the EU (2017), the UK Supreme Court held that:

1. AParliamentary legislation was required to give notice of withdrawal from the EU
2. BThe referendum result was legally binding
3. CDevolved legislatures had a veto over Brexit
4. DThe government could give notice using prerogative powers without any Act of Parliament

D is present when a crime is committed but does nothing to help or encourage it. Following R v Clarkson, D is:

1. AThe principal, because D witnessed the whole crime
2. BAn accessory, because voluntary presence at the scene always amounts to encouragement
3. CNot an accessory, because mere presence without intent to encourage is not enough
4. DAn accessory, because D could have called the police

In R v Cunningham (1957), D tore a gas meter off a wall to steal money; gas leaked and poisoned a neighbour. The court held "maliciously" means:

1. AActing in a way that is against the law
2. BFailing to notice a risk an ordinary person would see
3. CIntending the harm or foreseeing the risk of it and taking it anyway
4. DActing with wickedness or ill will towards the victim, as in ordinary usage

Van Gend en Loos (1963) established that:

1. ATreaty provisions can have direct effect and create rights for individuals in national courts
2. BDirectives have horizontal direct effect
3. CMember states can leave the EU at will
4. DTreaty provisions bind only the member states and never create rights for individuals before national courts

Altmark Trans (2003) set conditions under which compensation for public service obligations:

1. AIs not state aid because it confers no advantage
2. BCan only be paid to state-owned companies
3. CIs always prohibited state aid
4. DMust be approved by the European Parliament