Introduction to Law: cram pack

A contract made under duress may be:

1. AAvoided (set aside) by the pressured party
2. BAutomatically valid with no remedy
3. CEnforced against the pressured party in every case
4. DTurned into a criminal offence only

An act done before a promise was made can still be good consideration if:

1. AIt was requested, payment was understood, and the promise would otherwise be enforceable
2. BIt was valuable to the promisor when it was done
3. CThe later promise was made in writing
4. DThe act was done within one year before the promise and was of some value to the promisor

A five-year-old falls into a trench on open land while playing without an adult. In Phipps v Rochester Corporation, the occupier was:

1. ANot liable, because it could expect parents to supervise very young children
2. BNot liable, because the child was a trespasser
3. CLiable, because the trench was not fenced
4. DLiable, because young children must be protected from every danger on the land

A man is prevented from walking along part of a bridge closed for an event, but is free to go back the way he came. In Bird v Jones, the court held:

1. AThere was no false imprisonment, because his freedom was not totally restricted
2. BThere was false imprisonment, because he could not continue the way he wanted to go
3. CThere was false imprisonment, because the bridge was public
4. DThere was an assault, because he was blocked

Which ground of judicial review applies when a decision-maker ignores a relevant consideration?

1. AIllegality
2. BLegitimate expectation only
3. CNone, because courts never review considerations
4. DProcedural impropriety only

The government introduces high fees for bringing claims to employment tribunals, and the number of claims falls sharply. In R (UNISON) v Lord Chancellor (2017), the Supreme Court held:

1. AThe fees were unlawful because they prevented access to justice
2. BThe fees breached only EU competition law
3. CThe fees were lawful because Parliament authorised fees
4. DThe fees were lawful because users of the courts must pay for them

Joint enterprise (accessorial liability) after R v Jogee requires that the accessory:

1. AWas present at the scene by chance
2. BMerely foresaw as a real possibility that the principal might commit the crime
3. CIntended to assist or encourage the principal to commit the crime
4. DWas related to the principal

Conspiracy in English law requires:

1. AAt least one of the conspirators to have carried out an overt act towards committing the agreed crime
2. BAn agreement between two or more people to commit a crime, with intent that it be carried out
3. CA written plan
4. DThe crime to be actually committed

Van Gend en Loos (1963) established that:

1. ATreaty provisions can have direct effect and create rights for individuals in national courts
2. BTreaty provisions bind only the member states and never create rights for individuals before national courts
3. CMember states can leave the EU at will
4. DDirectives have horizontal direct effect

In Baumbast (2002), a German national in the UK lacked sickness insurance covering emergency treatment. The Court held that:

1. AResidence rights depend entirely on national immigration law once a person has stopped working in the host member state
2. BHe had no right to reside because he was no longer working
3. CArticle 21 TFEU gives a directly effective right of residence, and limits on it must be applied proportionately
4. DOnly EU institutions can enforce citizenship rights