Introduction to Law: cram pack

A fishing company receives fewer licences than it needs and chooses to assign them to its other ships, not the chartered one. In Maritime National Fish v Ocean Trawlers the charter was:

1. AVoid, because licences were a condition precedent
2. BNot frustrated, because the problem was self-induced
3. CSuspended until more licences were issued
4. DFrustrated by the government licensing decision

An innocent party who terminates a contract for repudiatory breach must generally:

1. AClearly communicate the decision to accept the repudiation
2. BContinue performing until the contract ends naturally on its agreed date
3. CPay a penalty to the party in breach
4. DWait for a court order before stopping performance

Two chimney sweeps die from fumes while sealing a chimney, despite warnings about the danger. In Roles v Nathan, the occupier was:

1. ANot liable, because specialists can be expected to guard against risks of their trade
2. BNot liable, because the sweeps were trespassers
3. CLiable, because the warnings were given orally
4. DLiable, because occupiers must make premises completely safe for every visitor, including specialists

After a workplace injury weakens his leg, a man walks down steep stairs with no handrail while carrying a child, his leg gives way, and he jumps and breaks his ankle. In McKew v Holland and Hannen and Cubitts:

1. AThe employer was liable for the ankle injury as a foreseeable result
2. BThe employer was liable for half of the ankle injury
3. CThe stairs' owner was solely liable
4. DHis unreasonable conduct broke the chain of causation

In Hirst v UK (No 2), the European Court of Human Rights held that the UK's blanket ban on voting by convicted prisoners:

1. AViolated the right to freedom of expression in Article 10 of the Convention
2. BViolated the right to free elections in Protocol 1, Article 3
3. CWas within the UK's margin of appreciation
4. DWas justified because prisoners have no rights

In R v Home Secretary, ex p Simms, Lord Hoffmann explained the "principle of legality" as meaning that:

1. AGeneral words in a statute are presumed not to override fundamental rights
2. BCourts may strike down Acts that breach fundamental rights
3. CMinisters may limit fundamental rights whenever it is in the public interest
4. DParliament cannot legislate against fundamental rights

D grabs V's handbag so forcefully that V's hand is pulled down. Following R v Clouden, this can be:

1. ABurglary, because the bag was V's property
2. BOnly theft, because there was no direct contact with V's body
3. CRobbery, because force was used on the person to steal
4. DOnly battery, because the bag was not taken

In R v Collins (1973), a naked man was invited into a bedroom by a woman who mistook him for her boyfriend. His burglary conviction was quashed because:

1. AIt was unclear whether he had entered as a trespasser before her invitation
2. BA bedroom is not part of a building
3. CBurglary requires breaking into the building, and the window was already open
4. DHe had no intent to commit any offence

According to the Dassonville formula, a measure having equivalent effect to a quantitative restriction is:

1. AAny trading rule capable of hindering, directly or indirectly, actually or potentially, intra-EU trade
2. BAny tax on goods coming from another member state
3. COnly a rule that openly discriminates against imported goods in favour of domestic products of the same kind
4. DOnly a rule that fixes a numerical limit on imports

Altmark Trans (2003) set conditions under which compensation for public service obligations:

1. ACan only be paid to state-owned companies
2. BIs always prohibited state aid
3. CMust be approved by the European Parliament
4. DIs not state aid because it confers no advantage