Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 10 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
A decorator finishes the work but with minor defects that are cheap to fix. Under Hoenig v Isaacs, the decorator is entitled to:
A van is bought "on hire-purchase terms" with no further detail, and such terms varied widely in practice. In Scammell v Ouston, the House of Lords held:
Contractors negligently cut a power cable, damaging the melt in a factory's furnace and stopping further production. In Spartan Steel v Martin, the factory recovered:
Under section 3 of the Defamation Act 2013, the honest opinion defence requires that the statement:
Proportionality review usually asks whether a measure:
The legitimate expectation doctrine protects individuals when:
D puts poison in V's drink intending to kill her, but V dies of an unrelated heart attack before the poison works. D is guilty of:
In "Thabo Meli v R", the defendants beat the victim, believed him dead and threw him off a cliff, where he died of exposure. The court held:
The preliminary reference procedure under Article 267 TFEU allows:
In R v Henn and Darby (1979), a UK ban on importing pornographic material was held to be:
Answer: D · The price less the cost of putting the defects right
Jurisdiction: law of England and Wales. Where an entire contract is substantially performed, the contractor can claim the price minus the cost of remedying defects. Contrast Bolton v Mahadeva, where defects were too serious.
Answer: B · There was no contract, because the terms were too vague
Jurisdiction: law of England and Wales. An agreement is not a contract if its essential terms are too uncertain for the court to give them meaning. In Hillas v Arcos, a previous contract and trade practice allowed the court to fill the gap.
Answer: D · The damaged melt and its lost profit, but not profit on further melts
Jurisdiction: law of England and Wales. Physical damage and the economic loss consequent on it were recoverable. The loss of profit on melts that could not be started was pure economic loss and not recoverable.
Answer: C · Was an opinion, indicated its basis, and an honest person could have held it on the facts
Jurisdiction: law of England and Wales. The defence protects comment, not statements of fact. It is defeated if the claimant shows the defendant did not actually hold the opinion.
Answer: A · Pursues a legitimate aim, is suitable, necessary and balanced
Jurisdiction: general principle, found in most legal systems. A proportionate measure serves a legitimate aim, is suitable to achieve it, goes no further than necessary and strikes a fair balance between interests.
Answer: C · A public body made a clear promise or established practice that it then seeks to depart from unfairly
Jurisdiction: law of England and Wales. A clear, unambiguous representation can create a procedural or substantive legitimate expectation; departing from it may be an abuse of power unless justified by an overriding public interest.
Answer: B · Attempted murder
Jurisdiction: law of England and Wales. The poison was not a factual cause of death, so there is no murder, but D's intent and acts more than merely preparatory make D guilty of attempted murder.
Answer: D · The series of acts formed one transaction, so actus reus and mens rea coincided
Jurisdiction: law of England and Wales. The Privy Council treated the beating and disposal as one continuous plan, so the intent to kill coincided with the acts causing death.
Answer: B · National courts to ask the CJEU questions on the interpretation or validity of EU law
Jurisdiction: EU law. National courts may (and courts of last instance must, subject to CILFIT exceptions) refer questions to the CJEU, whose answer binds the referring court.
Answer: B · Justified on grounds of public morality under Article 36
Jurisdiction: EU law. The ban was an MEQR but justified, as there was no lawful trade in such goods within the UK, so the restriction was not arbitrary discrimination.
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