Introduction to Law: cram pack

A doctor selling his practice truthfully states its income, but the income falls sharply before the contract is signed and he says nothing. This is:

1. AA breach of an implied condition of quality
2. BNot a misrepresentation, because the statement was true when it was made
3. CA mere opinion about future income
4. DA misrepresentation, because he should have corrected the statement

A carrier, knowing a small company depends on its deliveries to supply a major customer, refuses to continue unless paid a higher minimum price. The company agrees as it has no alternative. In Atlas Express v Kafco:

1. AThe carrier committed a crime of extortion
2. BThe new agreement was binding as a free variation
3. CThe new agreement was not binding, due to economic duress
4. DThe new agreement was binding, as the carrier's continued performance was a practical benefit

The "but for" test is used to establish:

1. AFactual causation
2. BDuty of care
3. CRemoteness of damage
4. DThe standard of care

An internal auditor with a grudge against his employer leaks staff payroll data online. In WM Morrison Supermarkets v Various Claimants (2020), the Supreme Court held the employer:

1. ALiable only to staff whose data was used for fraud
2. BVicariously liable, as data breaches are strict liability
3. CNot vicariously liable, as he was pursuing a personal vendetta
4. DVicariously liable, as he had access to the data through his job

In Marbury v Madison (1803), the US Supreme Court established:

1. AThe power of Congress to overrule decisions of the federal judiciary
2. BThe right to bear arms
3. CThe power of courts to review the constitutionality of legislation
4. DThe President's veto power

A tribunal orders publication of Prince Charles's letters to ministers. The Attorney General issues a certificate under the Freedom of Information Act overriding it. In R (Evans) v Attorney General (2015), the Supreme Court held:

1. AThe certificate was invalid, as he had merely disagreed with the tribunal's view of the same facts
2. BThe certificate was valid, as the Act gave him an unqualified veto over any tribunal decision on disclosure
3. CThe Act was incompatible with Article 10 ECHR
4. DThe letters could never be published

D grabs V's handbag so forcefully that V's hand is pulled down. Following R v Clouden, this can be:

1. ABurglary, because the bag was V's property
2. BRobbery, because force was used on the person to steal
3. COnly theft, because there was no direct contact with V's body
4. DOnly battery, because the bag was not taken

In R v Cunningham (1957), D tore a gas meter off a wall to steal money; gas leaked and poisoned a neighbour. The court held "maliciously" means:

1. AIntending the harm or foreseeing the risk of it and taking it anyway
2. BFailing to notice a risk an ordinary person would see
3. CActing with wickedness or ill will towards the victim, as in ordinary usage
4. DActing in a way that is against the law

Environmental policy is an example of which type of EU competence?

1. AExclusive competence
2. BShared competence
3. CSupporting competence
4. DNo EU competence at all

In Höfner and Elser (1991), a German public employment agency was held to be an "undertaking" for competition law because:

1. AIt was owned by foreign investors
2. BIt was registered as a private company and financed by the fees it charged employers
3. CIt was engaged in an economic activity, regardless of its legal status and financing
4. DIt made a large profit every year