Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 8 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
The cognitive interview is used by police to improve eyewitness recall. Which technique does it include?
When a video shows a face saying "ga" while the audio says "ba", many people hear "da". This shows that:
Baumrind's authoritative parenting style combines:
On a visual cliff set to a moderate drop, most infants crossed when their mother smiled but few crossed when she showed fear. This shows:
In a variation of Asch's study, participants wrote their answers privately instead of saying them aloud, and conformity dropped sharply. What does this suggest?
A teenager adopts the style and opinions of an admired older cousin, but drops them once the two are no longer close. Kelman would call this:
A person spends hours daily worrying that a small mark on their nose is ugly, checks mirrors constantly, and others see nothing wrong. Which diagnosis fits?
A therapist says: "Rather than fighting the thought 'I'm a failure', notice it as just a thought, and act on what matters to you." Which therapy does this best represent?
Answer: C · Mentally reinstating the context of the event
The cognitive interview uses context reinstatement, reporting every detail, recalling in different orders and from different perspectives, which increases correct recall.
Answer: A · Speech perception combines what we see and hear
The McGurk effect shows that lip movements are combined with sound in perceiving speech, producing a percept that matches neither input alone.
Answer: A · High warmth with high, clearly explained expectations
Authoritative parents are responsive and set firm, reasoned limits; this style is associated with good social and academic outcomes in many studies.
Answer: C · Social referencing: using a caregiver's emotion to guide behaviour
Sorce and colleagues showed that in ambiguous situations infants look to caregivers' emotional expressions and adjust their actions accordingly.
Answer: C · Much of the original conformity was normative
Since the lines were unambiguous, conformity in public reflected the wish to fit in. When answers were private, that pressure was removed.
Answer: C · Identification
Identification is adopting behaviours or attitudes to be like a valued person or group. It is deeper than compliance but less permanent than internalisation.
Answer: A · Body dysmorphic disorder
Body dysmorphic disorder is preoccupation with perceived flaws in appearance that are slight or not observable, with repetitive behaviours such as mirror checking or seeking reassurance.
Answer: B · Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)
ACT (Hayes) uses acceptance, cognitive defusion and values-based action. Unlike traditional cognitive therapy, it does not try to dispute the content of thoughts.
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