Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 8 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
In Cherry's dichotic listening studies, participants shadowing one ear usually noticed which change in the unattended ear?
A patient with a long history of heavy alcohol use cannot form new memories and fills gaps with invented stories that he believes. This is typical of:
Which attachment type is shown by an infant who is very distressed at separation and both seeks and resists contact at reunion?
In Vygotsky's theory, private speech in young children is seen as:
Berkowitz and LePage found that angered participants gave more electric shocks when a gun was lying nearby than when a badminton racket was. This is called:
Bond and Smith's meta-analysis of Asch-type studies found that conformity was:
The diathesis–stress model proposes that mental disorders arise from:
A client with OCD checks the stove twenty times before leaving home. Why does checking maintain the disorder, according to the cognitive-behavioural model?
Answer: A · A switch from a male to a female voice
Cherry found that people detected physical changes such as the speaker's sex or a tone, but not the language or meaning of the unattended message.
Answer: D · Korsakoff's syndrome
Korsakoff's syndrome causes severe anterograde amnesia, some retrograde amnesia and confabulation, while procedural learning is often relatively preserved.
Answer: D · Insecure-resistant (ambivalent)
Insecure-resistant infants are highly upset when the caregiver leaves and show ambivalence on reunion, seeking contact but also pushing away.
Answer: A · A tool for guiding their own thinking that later becomes inner speech
Vygotsky saw private speech as self-regulating; it gradually becomes silent inner speech. Piaget instead saw it as egocentric.
Answer: D · The weapons effect
The weapons effect suggests that cues associated with aggression can increase aggressive behaviour in people who are already angry.
Answer: D · Higher in collectivist than in individualist cultures
Conformity was higher in collectivist countries and had declined over time in the USA, suggesting conformity is shaped by cultural values.
Answer: B · An underlying vulnerability combined with environmental stress
The model holds that a predisposition (biological or psychological) leads to disorder only when triggered by sufficient stress.
Answer: B · Relief after checking reinforces it and blocks learning that the fear is unfounded
Compulsions are negatively reinforced by short-term relief and stop the person learning that anxiety falls on its own. This is why ERP blocks the ritual.
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