Introduction to Psychology: cram pack

Repeating "the, the, the" aloud while learning a word list impairs recall because it:

1. ABlocks rehearsal in the phonological loop
2. BPrevents the eyes from reading the words
3. COverloads the visuospatial sketchpad
4. DErases information already in long-term memory

After a stroke in the right parietal lobe, a patient eats only from the right side of the plate and draws only the right half of a clock. This is:

1. AAnterograde amnesia
2. BUnilateral spatial neglect
3. CLeft visual field blindsight
4. DProsopagnosia

Scaffolding refers to:

1. ASupport given to a learner that is reduced as competence grows
2. BPunishing errors so they are not repeated
3. CBuilding one fixed curriculum that every child must follow in order
4. DLetting children discover everything alone

A teacher plans maths lessons. Which plan fits Vygotsky's view better than Piaget's?

1. APair pupils with a more skilled partner and give guided help just beyond their level
2. BTeach only the tasks that pupils can already complete independently, without any help
3. CWait until pupils reach the right stage before teaching the topic
4. DLet pupils discover the rules alone with no adult guidance

In Aronson's jigsaw classroom, each pupil learns one part of a lesson and teaches it to the group. This reduced prejudice mainly by:

1. ASeparating pupils from different groups
2. BRewarding only the best individual pupil
3. CIncreasing competition between pupils
4. DMaking pupils depend on each other to succeed

Reactance theory predicts that when people feel their freedom is threatened by a persuasive message, they will:

1. AIgnore the message entirely, without any emotional reaction
2. BForget the message immediately
3. CComply more strongly
4. DBe motivated to do the opposite of what is urged

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) increase serotonin in the synapse by:

1. ASpeeding up the breakdown of serotonin by monoamine oxidase enzymes
2. BBlocking dopamine release
3. CDestroying serotonin receptors
4. DBlocking the reuptake of serotonin into the presynaptic neuron

Ayllon and Azrin introduced a token economy on a psychiatric ward. What was the main finding and limitation?

1. ATokens had no effect on behaviour
2. BThe method cured schizophrenia within weeks
3. CTarget behaviours increased, but gains often did not generalise outside the ward
4. DPatients' hallucinations disappeared permanently, and the gains lasted after discharge