Introduction to Psychology: cram pack

Anchoring bias occurs when:

1. APeople prefer options presented as gains
2. BAn initial number strongly influences a later estimate
3. CPeople believe after the event that they knew the outcome all along
4. DPeople remember only the end of an experience

According to Lavie's load theory of attention, an irrelevant distractor is most likely to be processed when:

1. AThe main task has high perceptual load
2. BThe main task has low perceptual load
3. CThe participant is told to ignore it
4. DThe distractor is presented to the blind spot

According to Piaget, assimilation means:

1. AFitting new information into an existing schema
2. BChanging an existing schema to fit new information
3. CForgetting an old schema
4. DCopying the behaviour of a model

Which finding is a major criticism of Piaget's formal operational stage?

1. AAdolescents cannot think abstractly at all, even with specific training
2. BFormal operations usually appear before concrete operations
3. CMost children reach formal operations by about age 5
4. DMany adults do not reason formally, and it depends on schooling

Burger's 2009 partial replication of Milgram stopped at 150 volts for ethical reasons. What did it find?

1. AObedience was similar to Milgram's at that point
2. BWomen nearly always refused to continue
3. CAlmost nobody obeyed in a modern sample
4. DObedience was far higher than in Milgram's study

In Walster's "computer dance" study, students were randomly paired. What best predicted whether they wanted to see their date again?

1. ASimilarity in intelligence
2. BSimilarity in personality test scores
3. CSimilarity in attractiveness, as the matching hypothesis predicts
4. DThe date's physical attractiveness, regardless of their own

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) increase serotonin in the synapse by:

1. ASpeeding up the breakdown of serotonin by monoamine oxidase enzymes
2. BDestroying serotonin receptors
3. CBlocking dopamine release
4. DBlocking the reuptake of serotonin into the presynaptic neuron

A therapist helps a client with panic disorder deliberately bring on dizziness by spinning in a chair, without using safety behaviours. What is this technique called and why is it used?

1. AFree association, so unconscious fears come to light
2. BInteroceptive exposure, so the client learns bodily sensations are not dangerous
3. CAversion therapy, so the client learns to associate panic with physical discomfort
4. DFlooding, so the client forgets their trauma