Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 8 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
According to the levels-of-processing approach, which task leads to the best recall of words?
A participant solves anagrams faster after seeing related words briefly, without being aware of them. This is an example of:
Which feature is typical of infant-directed speech ("parentese")?
In Hughes' "policeman doll" study, most children aged 3½–5 could hide a boy doll where two policemen could not see him. How does this relate to Piaget's three mountains task?
Exposing people to weak arguments against their view, along with rebuttals, makes them more resistant to later persuasion. This is:
In Batson's studies, participants who felt high empathy for a woman receiving shocks offered to take her place even when they could easily leave. This supports:
Exposure and response prevention is the main psychological treatment for:
A therapist asks a client to rate the evidence for and against the thought "I always fail". Which technique is this?
Answer: B · Deciding whether each word fits into a sentence
Craik and Lockhart argued that semantic (deep) processing gives better recall than structural or phonemic (shallow) processing.
Answer: D · Priming
Priming occurs when exposure to one stimulus facilitates processing of a related stimulus, often without conscious awareness. It reflects implicit memory.
Answer: B · Higher pitch and exaggerated intonation
Infant-directed speech uses higher pitch, slower pace, simple words and exaggerated intonation. Infants prefer it and it may help them pick out words.
Answer: D · It suggests young children are less egocentric when the task makes sense to them
When perspective taking is embedded in a meaningful game, many preschoolers succeed, suggesting Piaget's task underestimated young children.
Answer: B · Inoculation theory
McGuire's inoculation theory proposes that small doses of counterarguments motivate people to build defences for their attitudes.
Answer: C · The empathy–altruism hypothesis
Batson argued that empathic concern produces truly altruistic motivation, because empathic participants helped even when escape was easy.
Answer: B · OCD
ERP exposes patients to obsessional triggers while preventing compulsions, so anxiety falls without the ritual.
Answer: A · Cognitive restructuring
Cognitive restructuring identifies automatic thoughts, examines evidence and replaces distortions such as overgeneralisation with balanced thoughts.
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