Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 8 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
The serial position effect predicts that items in a list are recalled best when they are:
According to Lavie's load theory of attention, an irrelevant distractor is most likely to be processed when:
A researcher tests 5-, 10- and 15-year-olds now and then retests the same groups every two years. This design is called:
In an adoption study, adopted children's IQ scores correlate more with their biological parents' scores than with their adoptive parents' scores. This suggests:
On Halloween, children who were anonymous and in groups took more sweets than allowed, compared with children who had been asked their names. This illustrates:
Men approached by a female researcher on a high, swaying bridge were more likely to phone her later than men approached on a low, stable bridge. This is explained by:
The diathesis–stress model proposes that mental disorders arise from:
Which brain finding has been repeatedly reported in groups of people with schizophrenia compared with controls?
Answer: D · At the beginning and end of the list
Early items benefit from rehearsal into long-term memory (primacy), and the last items are still in short-term memory (recency).
Answer: B · The main task has low perceptual load
When the main task uses little perceptual capacity, leftover capacity processes distractors involuntarily. High perceptual load uses up capacity and reduces distractor processing.
Answer: C · Cross-sequential
A cross-sequential design follows several age cohorts over time, allowing researchers to separate age changes from cohort effects.
Answer: A · Genetic influence on individual differences in IQ
Greater resemblance to biological parents points to genetic influence, though prenatal environment and selective placement can complicate the interpretation.
Answer: B · Deindividuation
Diener and colleagues found that anonymity and group membership increased rule-breaking, consistent with deindividuation theory.
Answer: B · Misattribution of arousal
Dutton and Aron argued that physiological arousal from the bridge was attributed to attraction to the researcher, supporting a two-factor view of emotion.
Answer: C · An underlying vulnerability combined with environmental stress
The model holds that a predisposition (biological or psychological) leads to disorder only when triggered by sufficient stress.
Answer: B · Enlarged lateral ventricles
Enlarged ventricles and reduced grey matter are found on average in schizophrenia. The differences are group averages and are not diagnostic for individuals.
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