Formula sheets, the key method steps for every topic and 8 practice problems, with full solutions at the back.
The cognitive interview is used by police to improve eyewitness recall. Which technique does it include?
Linda is described as outspoken and concerned with social justice. Many people judge "Linda is a bank teller and a feminist" more likely than "Linda is a bank teller". What is the error?
A parent sets strict rules, expects obedience without discussion and says "Because I said so". This style is:
Which of these is a key criticism of Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
Burger's 2009 partial replication of Milgram stopped at 150 volts for ethical reasons. What did it find?
In Latané and Darley's smoke-filled room study, participants alone usually reported the smoke, but those with two calm confederates rarely did. The best explanation is:
Which criterion of abnormality judges behaviour as abnormal when it is rare in the population?
A 22-year-old has had hallucinations and delusions for two months, after which they fully resolve. No mood episode occurred. Which diagnosis fits best?
Answer: B · Mentally reinstating the context of the event
The cognitive interview uses context reinstatement, reporting every detail, recalling in different orders and from different perspectives, which increases correct recall.
Answer: B · The conjunction fallacy: A and B cannot be likelier than A
Tversky and Kahneman explained the error by representativeness: the description resembles a feminist, so people ignore the rule that P(A and B) cannot exceed P(A).
Answer: C · Authoritarian
Authoritarian parents are demanding but not very responsive and rarely explain rules. Authoritative parents are also firm but warm and give reasons.
Answer: B · It was based mainly on male participants and emphasised justice over care
Gilligan argued Kohlberg's original all-male sample and focus on justice undervalued an ethic of care, though later research found smaller gender differences than she proposed.
Answer: B · Obedience was similar to Milgram's at that point
Most participants who continue past 150 volts tend to go to the end, so Burger used it as a safe cut-off. Obedience at that point was only slightly lower than Milgram's.
Answer: D · Pluralistic ignorance about whether it was an emergency
Participants used the passive confederates to interpret the ambiguous smoke as harmless. This is a failure at the interpretation step of helping.
Answer: C · Statistical infrequency
Statistical infrequency defines abnormality as behaviour far from the average. Its weakness is that some rare traits, such as very high IQ, are desirable.
Answer: A · Schizophreniform disorder
Schizophreniform disorder has the symptoms of schizophrenia but lasts between one and six months. Duration is the main feature separating it from brief psychotic disorder and schizophrenia.
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